5. Radiation Flashcards
is energy that comes from a source and travels through some material or through space
Radiation
Energy emitted and transferred through space
Radiation
The transfer of energy
Radiation
2 types of radiation
Non-ionizing radiation,
Ionizing radiation
Capable of removing an electron from an atom
Ionizing Radiation
2 Sources of Ionizing Radiation
Natural Environmental Radiation,
Man-made Radiation
annual dose of Natural Environmental Radiation
approximately 300 millirem (mrem) (3 millisievert [mSv])
Examples of Natural Environmental Radiation
Cosmic rays, terrestrial radiation, internally deposited radionuclides
Annual dose of Man-made Radiation
Approximately 3.2 mSv
Examples of Man-made Radiation
Medical imaging, nuclear power generation, research application, industrial sources, consumer items
Diagnostic x-rays
Man-made Radiation
Two Types of Ionizing Radiation
Particulate radiation,
Electromagnetic radiation
is the radiation of energy by means of fast-moving subatomic particles
Particle radiation
2 Particulate Radiation
Alpha Particles,
Beta Particles
are high energy, large subatomic structures of protons and neutrons
Alpha particles
They can travel only a short distance and are stopped by a piece of paper or skin
Alpha Particles
are fast moving electrons
Beta particles
They are a fraction of the size of alpha particles, but can travel farther and are more penetrating
Beta particles
This kind of radiation is pure energy with no mass and is like vibrating or pulsating waves of electrical and
magnetic energy
Electromagnetic Radiation
are produced by a vibrating electric charge and as such, they consist of
both an electric and a magnetic component.
Electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic Radiation
Gamma rays,
X-rays
SI Unit for Exposure Dose
Air Kerma (Gya)
SI Unit for Dose
Gray (Gyt)
SI Unit for Effective Dose
Sievert (Sv)
SI Unit for Radioactivity
Becquerel (Bq)
Special Unit for Exposure Dose
C/kg
Special Unit for Dose
J/kg
Special Unit for Effective Dose
J/kg
Special Unit for Radioactivity
s^-1
Conventional Unit for Exposure Dose
Roentgen (R)
Conventional Unit for Dose
rad
Conventional Unit for Effective Dose
rem
Conventional Unit for Radioactivity
Curie (Ci)
can be applied to distances greater than seven times the longest dimension of the source
Inverse Square Law
use of solid medium to transfer energy
Conduction
uses molecular motion to transfer energy
Convection
