2. The Atom Flashcards
is the smallest particle that has all the properties of an element
Atom
Theory - an element is composed of atoms that reacted the same way chemically
Dalton Atom
Theory - eye and hook affair account for physical combinations
Dalton Atom
Dalton atom year
1808
Theory - An element is composed of tiny indivisible sphere, indestructible particles called atoms
Dalton Atom
Theory - All atoms of an element are identical and have the same properties
Dalton Atom
Theory - Atoms of different elements combine to form compounds
Dalton Atom
Thompson Model year
1890
Theory - Atom is electrically neutral
Thompson Model
Theory - electrons are uniformly disperse in homogenous positive sphere
Thompson Model
Rutherford Model year
1911
disproved Thompson
Ernest Rutherford
Theory - Atom Contains small dense, positively charged center with electron cloud
Rutherford Model
Bohr Model year and person who invented
1913, Neil Bohr
Theory - Speculated that in the atom, electron revolve around the nucleus, occupying circular orbits w/ distinct energy levels
Bohr Model
The number of proton in the nucleus or the number of electrons in neutral atom
Atomic Number (Z)
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Mass Number (A)
nucleus
Mass Number (A) – Atomic Number (Z)
Outer shell electrons
Valence electrons
Valence electrons have a maximum of __ electrons
8
Hydrogen (H) atomic no.
1
Helium (He) atomic no.
2
Beryllium (Be) atomic no.
4
Carbon (C) atomic no.
6
Nitrogen (N) atomic no.
7
Oxygen (O) atomic no.
8
Fluorine (F) atomic no.
9
Sodium (Na) atomic no.
11
Magnesium (Mg) atomic no.
12
Aluminum (Al) atomic no.
13
Phosphorus (P) atomic no.
15
Calcium (Ca) atomic no.
20
Cobalt (Co) atomic no.
27
Copper (Cu) atomic no.
29
Barium (Ba) atomic no.
56
Tungsten (W) atomic no.
74
the same atomic number but different atomic mass number
Isotopes
Atoms having the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
Isotopes
same atomic mass number but different atomic numbers
Isobar
Atoms having the same number of nucleons but different
number of protons and neutrons
Isobar
the same number of neutrons
Isotone
the same atomic number and the same atomic mass number, differ in chemical structure
Isomer
Atoms having the same number of protons and neutrons but have different nuclear energy levels.
Isomer
Different energy levels due to excess energy in the nucleus
Isomer
Energy is released in form or photon
Isomer
combination of atoms
Molecules
Smallest particle of an element is
Atom
Smallest particle of a compound is
Molecule
The idea that all matter is made up of tiny, indivisible particles
Greek atom
Nucleons
Atomic mass number
Basic Forces in Nature
Nuclear Force,
Electromagnetic Force,
Gravitational Force
miniature solar system
Bohr Model
improved Rutherford
Bohr Model
2n^2= no. of electrons ; n= no. of orbits
Bohr Model
the strength of the attachment to the electron to the nucleus
Electron binding energy
Hydrogen valence electron
1
Helium valence electron
2
Beryllium valence electron
2
Carbon valence electron
4
Nitrogen valence electron
5
Oxygen valence electron
6
Fluorine valence electron
7
Sodium valence electron
1
Magnesium valence electron
2
Aluminum valence electron
3
Phosphorus valence electron
5
Calcium valence electron
2
Cobalt valence electron
2
Copper valence electron
1
Barium valence electron
2
Tungsten valence electron
2
The atomic model used as basis in creating the periodic table
Dalton’s
The name of the columns in the periodic table
groups
the speed of light in miles per second
186,400 mi/s
Occurs if the atom has too few or too many neutrons
Radioactivity
