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2 - MSK > 5 - Muscles of Hand > Flashcards

5 - Muscles of Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main muscle groups in the hand?

A

Extrinsic and intrinsic muscles

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2
Q

Where are extrinsic muscles found and what do they do?

A

Found in the forearm and largely produce the forceful grip of the hand

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3
Q

Where are intrinsic muscles found and what actions are they responsible?

A

Found within the hand and produce fine motor skills.

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4
Q

What are the 6 intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A

Adductor pollicis, interossei, thenar, palmaris brevis, lumbricals and hypothenar muscles.

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5
Q

What is B?

A

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

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6
Q

What is the action of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts the thumb

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7
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Median nerve

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8
Q

What is A?

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

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9
Q

What is the action of Flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexes the metacarpalphalngeal joint of the thumb

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10
Q

What is the innervation of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Median nerve

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11
Q

What is C?

A

Oppens pollicis

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12
Q

What is the action of oppens pollicis?

A

Opposes the thumb by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium

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13
Q

What is the innervation of oppens pollicis?

A

Median nerve

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14
Q

What is the hypothenar eminence?

A 
A small eminence on the medial side of the palm at the base of the little finger, made up of three hypothenar muscles	
* 		Abductor digiti minimi	
* 		Flexor digiti minimi brevis	
* 		Opponens digiti minimi
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15
Q

What hand is this? How can hypothenar and thenar muscles be remembered?

A

Right A of A of A Abductor pollicis brevis, Opponens pollicis, Flexor pollicis brevis, Adductor pollicis, (thenar muscles) Opponens digiti minimi, Flexor digiti minimi, Abductor digiti minimi (Hypothenar muscles)

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16
Q

What muscle is A?

A

Oppens Digiti minimi

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17
Q

Where does oppens digiti minimi lie?

A

Deep to the hypothenar muscles

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18
Q

Where does oppens digiti minimi originat from?

A

The hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum

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19
Q

What are the actions of the oppens digiti minimi?

A

Rotates the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm, producing opposition

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

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21
Q

What is A?

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

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22
Q

What is the action of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger

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23
Q

What is the innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

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24
Q

What is B?

A

Abductor Digiti Minimi

25
What is the action of the abductor digiti minimi
Abducts the little finger
26
What is the innervation of the abductor digiti minimi?
Ulnar nerve
27
What is C?
Abductor pollicis brevis
28
What is D?
Flexor pollicis brevis
29
What is A?
Flexor digiti miimi brevis
30
What is B?
Abductor digiti minimi
31
What is A?
Adductor Pollicis
32
What feature of the adductor pollicis is clinically important?
Radial artery passes through the space between its two heads
33
What are the actions of the adductor pollicis?
Adducts the thumb
34
What is the innervation of the adductor pollicis?
Ulnar nerve
35
What is A?
Palmaris Brevis
36
What is the action of palmaris brevis?
Wrinkles the skin of the hypothenar eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand, improving grip
37
What is the innervation of palmaris brevis?
Ulnar nerve
38
What are the lumbricals?
Four muscles each associated with a finger
39
Why are the lumbricals important to finger movement?
They link the extensor tendons to the flexor tendons
40
What is denervation of these muscles the basis of?
The ulnar claw and the hand of benediction
41
What are the actions of the lumbricals?
They flex at the MCP joint and extend at the IP joints of each finger
42
What is the innervation of the lumbricals?
The medial two lumbricals are innervated by the ulnar nerve. THe lateral two lumricals are innervated by the median nerve.
43
What muscles are shown in the picture and how are they named?
Lumbrical musclesNumbered 1-4, with 1 being most lateral
44
Where are the interossei muscles located?
Between the metacarpals (interosseous?)
45
What are the two groups of interossei muscles?
The dorsal and palmar interossei
46
What are the overall actions of the interossei?
Assist the lumbricals in flexion of the MCP, and extension at the IP joint
47
What are the muscles shown in the picture known as?
Dorsal interossei
48
What are the actions of the dorsal interossei
Abduct the fingers at the MCP
49
What is the innervation of the dorsal interossei?
Ulnar nerve
50
What are the muscles shown in the picture?
Palmar interossei
51
What is the action of the palmar interossei?
Adducts the fingers at the MCP joint
52
What is the innervation of the palmar interossei?
Ulnar nerve
53
What is the carpal tunnel?
The carpal tunnels form an arch which has its base at the dorsum side of the hand.
54
What is the carpal tunnel made up of?
Flexor retinaculum - RoofPisifor and trapexium - sidesHamate, capitate and trapezoid - floor
55
What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
Median nerve and finger flexor tendons (flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus)  
56
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
Results from any lesion that significantly reduces the size of the carpal tunnel
57
What are the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, and how are they caused?
Paresthesia, hypothesthesia, anesthesisa. Progressive loss of coordination and strength in thumb, and inability to oppose thumb. Caused by compression of median nerve
58
How can carpal tunnel be treated?
Partial or complete surgical division of th flexor retinaculum may be necessary. 

2 - MSK (35 decks)

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