3 - Important Points Flashcards
What is amelia?
A complete absence of a limb or limbs
What is meromelia?
Partial absence of a limb or limbs
A complete absence of a limb or limbs?
Amelia
Partial absence of a limb or limbs?
Meromelia
What is polydactyly?
Extra fingers or toesIn the hand, the extra digit is either on the ulnar or radial side rather than central; in the foot it on the fibular side
What is syndactyly?
Fusion of fingers or toes;results from a lack of differentiation between two or more digits.Some cases fusion of the bones, others just thinner tissue connected
What is cutaneous synactlyly?
Webbing of the skin between the fingers and toes results from failure of this tissue breakdown to occur.
What is osseous syndactyly?
Fusion of the bones of the digits
What is the structural defect underlying congenital dislocation of the hip
Underdevelopment of acetabulum and head of femur.
What is the function of the AER?
Stimulates outgrowth of limb and maintains undifferentiated state in mesenchyme immediately underlying it.
What is subcutaneous bursitis?
Burs lying between the skin and the olecranon process of the ulna becomes inflamed and produces a swelling due to excessive friction. May become infected and inflamed.
State three factors which contribute to stability of a joint
The tone of the rotator cuff muscles; the coracobrachialis, the short head of biceps and the long head of triceps assist the deltoid in resisting downward dislocation of the joint.Capsular and extracapsular ligaments.Glenoid labrum helps to deepen the glenoid fossa (cavity).
What is the coraco acromial arch?
osseoligamentous structure formed by the smooth inferior aspect of the acromion and the coracoid process of the scapula with the coracoacromial ligament spanning between them.
What does the coraco acromial arch prevent?
Superior dislocation of the humeral head
Where is the anatomical neck of the humerus?
The anatomical neck is formed by the groove circumscribing and separating the head from the greater and lesser tubercles.