5 menstral cycle and contraceptives

Question 1

about LH

Answer 1

• produced by pituitary gland
• stimulates release of egg at day 14

Question 2

about oestrogen

Answer 2

• produced in ovaries
• causes uterus lining to grow
• stimulates release if LH
• inhibits fsh

Question 3

about FSH

Answer 3

• produced in pituitary gland
• causes egg to mature into FOLLICE in the ovaries
• stimulates ovaries to produce OESTRIGEN

Question 4

about progesterone

Answer 4

• produced in ovaries by remains of folic after ovulation
• maintains uterus lining
• inhibits fsh and lh

Question 5

what 4 hormones control the menstrual cycle

Answer 5

1. FSH
2. OESTROGEN
3. LH
4. PROGESTERONE

Question 6

4 stages of the menstrual cycle

Answer 6

1. day 1 - menstruation starts - uterus lining breaks down
2. day 4-14 - uterus lining builds up again
3. day 14 - egg developed and released from ovary - OVULATION
4. day 14-28 - wall is maintained

Question 7

5 types of HORMONAL contraception

Answer 7

1. PILL
   - contains progesterone and (sometimes) oestrogen but lots of side effects.
2. PATCH
   - progesterone and oestrogen, small patch stuck under skin, each lasts one week
3. IMPLANT
   - inserted under skin on arm, relsease continuous progesterone, lasts 3 years
4. INJECTIONS
   - contains progesterone, dose lasts 2-3 months
5. IUD
   - T-shape inserted into uterus, plastic onesprevent release of progesterone, copper ones kill sperm

Question 8

2 types of NON HORMONAL contracpetion

Answer 8

• condoms
• diaphragm ( plastic cup fits in cervix)

Question 9

what is IVF

Answer 9

1. collecting eggs from womans overaies and fertilising in lab using mans sperm
2. fertilised eggs grown into embryos in lab incubator
3. once embryos are tiny balls or cells, two get transfered tp uterus
4. FSH and LH are given before egg collection to stimulate several eggs to maure

Question 10

pros and cons to IVF

Answer 10

PROS
- give an infertile couple a child

CONS
- success rate is low (UK 26%) - stress
- physically stressful - reactions to the hormones
- unused embryos destroyed = unethical
- genetic testing = designer baby

Question 11

how has IVF improved

Answer 11

• advance in microscopy techniques
• specialized micro tools for genetic testing and monitoring