4 - bioenergetics whole topic Flashcards
where does photosynthesis take place
- chloroplasts in green plant cells
- contain green pigment - chlorophyll - absorb light
word and chemical equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water –light–> glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H20 –light–> C6H12O6 + 6O2
5 things plants use glucose for
- respiration
- making cellulose - strengthening plant wall
- making amino acids
- stored as oils and fats (lipids)
- stored as starch - for winter when no photosysnthesis
limiting factors to photosysnthesis
- light intensity
- co2 concentration
- temperature
- amount of chlorophyll
what effects the amount of chlorophyll
- diseases
- lack of nutrience
oxygen production pondweed practical method:
- white light placed specific distance from pondweed in enclosed water test tube
- left to photosynthesis for specific amount of time - oxygen captured by capillary tube
- length of gas bubbles measured from syringe
- repeat twice and calculate the mean volume of O2 produced
controlled variables for pondweed practical
- temperature
- time pond weed is left to photosynthesise
whats the relationship between light intensity an distance in the pondweed practical
distance an light intensity are inversely proportional
artificial ideal conditions for farming
- green house with heater - temp
- lamp - light
- paraffin heater - heater that makes co2 - co2 concentration
- enclosed - no pests or pathogens
definition of respiration
the process of transferring energy from glucose into every cell - exothermic bc it transfers energy into the environment
uses of energy from respiration
- build smaller molecules into larger ones
- muscle contraction
- maintain correct body temperature in mammals and birds
definition of metabolism
the sum of all the chemical reactions in the cells of an organism
word and chemical equation for AEROBIC RESPIRATION
glucose + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water
C6H1206 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H20
equation for anaerobic resispiration
glucose —> lactic acid
when does anaerobic respiration occur
- when you do vigorous exercise and your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles so they start doing anaerobic respiration as well as aerobic respiration
equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells
glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
whats fermantation and examples
- anaerobic respiration in yeast cells
- bread making - co2 from fermentation makes it rise
- beer and wine making - fermentation produces alcohol
what happens when you exercise
- muscles contract more so require more energy which comes from increased respiration and therefore your cells need more oxygen
how do you get more oxygen
- breathing rate increase to get oxygen into blood
- breath volume increase to get oxygen into blood
- heart rate increase to get deoxygenated blood out
what is oxygen debt
- happens after you stop exercising anaerobically
- its the amount of extra oxygen your body needs to remove the lactic acid from the cells
