5 homeostasis kidney Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

what happens when blood glucose levels are too HIGH

A
  • blood with too much glucose
  • insulin secreted by pancreas
  • glucose moves from blood to muscle and liver cells
  • insulin makes liver turn glucose into glycogen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happens when blood glucose levels are too LOW

A
  • blood with too little glucose
  • glucagon secreted by pancreas
  • glucagon makes liver turn glycogen to glucose
  • glucose released into blood by liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

type 1 diabetes
what
cure

A
  • pancreas DOESNT produce INSULIN so they blood glucose levels can rise and kill them
  • insulin therapy - injections throughout day of insulin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

type 2 diabetes

A
  • person becomes RESISTANT to their own INSULIN causing their blood glucose to rise and kill them
  • obesity - diet and exercise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what’s the role of the kidney

A
  • make urine from taking waste products out the blood through FILTRATION
  • useful stuff eg glucose, ions, water are absorbed back into blood through SELECTIVE REABSORPTION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 substances removed from the body in urine

A
  1. UREA
  2. IONS
  3. WATER
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how is the concentration of urine controlled - hormone

A
  • brain instructs pituitary gland to release ADH into blood according to how much needed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

whats kidney failure

A
  • waste builds up in blood
  • u can’t control ur bloods levels of ions and water = death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

kidney DIALYSIS\
what
machine
when
cons

A
  • regularly and keeps concentrations of dissolved substances in blood at normal levels
  • dialysis machine - blood flows between partially permeable membranes surrounded by dialysis fluid. ions and waste substances leave the blood but proteins etc say in.
  • 3 times a week. 3-4 hours
  • CONS: clotting, infections, ££
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

kidney TRANSPLANT

A
  • u can use a dead (needs a donor card) or alive kidney
  • RISK: patient can reject the donor’s kidney by its immune system
  • cheaper but long waiting list.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what gets unconcentrated urine

A

low amounts of ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what gets concentrated urine

A

high levels of ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what if you have too mucy water or too little in your body - cells

A

water will difuse into your cells by osmosis so they swell and maybe burst
too little - cells loose water and shrink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where are nephrons

A

kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what do we reabsorb through sleective reaborption

A

all glucose
some water
no urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do we filter through the tubules in the nephron in thebkidney through filtration

A

water
glucose
amino acids
urea
NOT protiens or cells bc too large

17
Q

what forms our urine

A

all the things we dont want from the blood

18
Q

what detects the water concentration in the blood stream

A

hypothalomus

19
Q

what happns process if we have too little water in blood - dehydrated

A

hypothalomus sends signal to pituitray gland
then ADH gets released into the blood stream
which then reaches the kidneys and tells the tubuels to get more permeable and reabsorb more water into the blood through osmosis

20
Q

too little water in body

A

more adh
kidneys absorb more water
so less urine produced

21
Q

too much water in body

A

less adh
kidneys absorb less water
so more urine prodiced