5 - HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 1

fact-

it is a collection of various nuclei

Answer 1

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Question 2

what are the three forms of input?

Answer 2

1 neural
2 hormonal
3 direct (eg temperature, blood sugar levels etc) - monitor these and respond

Question 3

what is the hypothalamus part of/connected to?

Answer 3

• CNS
• autonomic PNS > adrenal medulla
• endocrine system (via pituitary gland) > adrenal cortex (HPA axis - hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis)
• directly linked to mammillary bodies

Question 4

what are the two outputs of the hypothalamus?

Answer 4

1 neural - produces neural signals

2 hormonal - produces some hormones

Question 5

what three broad processes does the hypothalamus control?

Answer 5

1 growth and homeostasis (build and maintain the body)

2 stress response (keep it alive)

3 reproductive behaviour (ensures survival of the species) - eg SDN POA in rats

Question 6

what the order of the regions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 6

medial preoptic area > anterior area > ventromedial area > posterior area

lateral area in the middle

same nuclei on the other side

mammillary bodies at the back

Question 7

statement:

hypothalamus releases CRH (in response to stress and low blood sugar) > pituitary gland releases ACTH > adrenal gland activated and releases cortisol

Answer 7

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