5. Histology of connective tissue Flashcards
Loose connective tissue
around organs
Dense connective tissue
ligaments, tendons, skin
Cartilage
respiratory tract, ear
Bone
skeleton, skull
Fibroblasts
spindle shaped cells
produce the extracellular matrix
Central nucleus
basophyllic cytoplasm due to lots of ER
GAGs
large unbranched polysaccharides
repeating disaccharide units
open coil formation
electrostatically linked
acidic or negatively charged
hydrophylic
4 types of fibrillar proteins
1) Collagen
2) Elastin
3) Fibrillin
4) Fibronectin
Collagen
most abundant protein in the human body
20 different types
secreted by fibroblasts
Elastic fibres
formed from elastin and fibrillar secreted by fibroblasts
proteins secreted in to ECM
Laminin
component of basement membranes
binds integrins on cell membranes, type IV collagen
Enactin
component of basement membranes
binds laminin and type IV collagen
Tenascin
found in embryo
involved in cell migration
Where is Basement Membrane found
epithelia
glomeruli of kidney
muscle
nerves
BM composition
1) type IV collagen
2) fibronectin
3) heparan sulphate
4) laminin
5) enactin
Brown adipose
found in the newborn
metabolises fat to produce heat
Lipid stored in numerous droplets
rich network of capillaries
Tissue arranged in lobules
White adipose
stores fat
acts as heat/shock insulator
Lipid stored in a large single droplet
Nucleus and cytoplasm are restricted to the rim of the cell
Diseases of Collagen
Point mutation in gene for collagen I
osteogenesis imperfecta
fragile bones
Other mutations in gene for collagen I
Ehlers Syndrome
abnormally stretchy skin and joint laxity
Diseases of Connective tissue
Amyloidosis
amyloid deposited in ECM
tissue dysfunction
Systemic diseases
Lupus erythematosis
Autoimmune disease
patients develop antibodies to dsDNA
mainly affects skin and kidneys
