17. Skin

Question 1

largest organ of the body

Answer 1

Skin

Question 2

Functions of the skin

Answer 2

Protection

Sensation

Thermoregulation

Metabolism

Question 3

Keratinocytes

Answer 3

epidermis

produces keratin

Question 4

Melanocytes

Answer 4

produce melanin

basal layer of the epithelium

Question 5

Langerhans

Answer 5

immune cell

Question 6

Papillary dermis

Answer 6

less collagen and elastic

more GAGs

small capillaries

Question 7

Reticular dermis

Answer 7

dense collagen

thick elastic fibres

major blood vessels

Question 8

Hypodermis

Answer 8

Deepest layer of the skin

nerves act as an insulator, shock absorber and food store

Question 9

Sebaceous gland

Answer 9

Branched acinar gland

Produces sebum

Holocrine secretion

Question 10

Free nerve endings

Answer 10

Epidermis

Pain, itch, temperature

Question 11

Merkels discs

Answer 11

Epidermis Touch

Question 12

Meissners corpuscles

Answer 12

Upper dermis Touch

Question 13

Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 13

Lower dermis Pressure, vibration

Question 14

Organ of Ruffini

Answer 14

Dermis Mechanoreceptor

Question 15

Root hair plexus

Answer 15

Dermis Mechanoreceptor

Question 16

Dermatitis

Answer 16

Inflammation of the skin

Question 17

Answer 17

1st degree burn

Epidermis affected

Heals in 7-10 days

Question 18

Answer 18

2nd degree burn

Epidermis & dermis affected

Heals in 3+ weeks

Question 19

Answer 19

3rd degree burn

All layers affected

No pain

Needs graft

Question 20

Excisional biopsy

Answer 20

lesion is completely removed

Question 21

Incisional biopsy

Answer 21

portion of the lesion is removed

Question 22

Biopsy techniques

Answer 22

Shave biopsy

Punch biopsy

Scalpel biopsy

Scissors biopsy

Question 23

Shave Biopsy

Answer 23

scalpel is used

shave off a thin layer of the lesion parallel to the skin

Question 24

Punch biopsy

Answer 24

small cylindrical punch

full thickness sample

Question 25

Scalpel biopsy

Answer 25

used to make a standard surgical incision or excision

Question 26

Scissors biopsy

Answer 26

Surface (superficial) skin growths and lesions snipped off

Question 27

Answer 27

Atopic Eczema ## Footnote Treatment using moisturisers and topical steroids

Question 28

Answer 28

Caused by human papilloma virus Treatments include salicylic acid, freezing the wart (cryotherapy)

Question 29

Answer 29

Impetigo Contagious skin infection affects nose and mouth and trunk Self limiting clearing within three weeks but may require antibiotics

Question 30

Answer 30

Psoriasis ## Footnote May cause psoriatic arthritis with swelling and stiffness in the joints or lower back Treatment by vitamin D analogues or topical steroids, phototherapy if severe

Question 31

Answer 31

Scabies Infection by parasitic mites Spread by direct skin-to-skin contact Treatment with Permethrin 5% cream (insecticide)

Question 32

Answer 32

Sebaceous glands sensitive to normal blood levels of testosterone Excessive growth of Propionibacterium acnes

Question 33

Answer 33

Ringworm ## Footnote Contagious fungal infection Treatment with antifungal cream

Question 34

Answer 34

Melanoma

Question 35

Answer 35

Basal Cell Carcinoma ## Footnote non-melanoma skin cancer most common skin cancer in the UK

Question 36

Answer 36

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ## Footnote form of non-melanoma skin cancer 2nd most common skin cancer in the UK.