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Physical Assessment > 5. Elbow > Flashcards

5. Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Olecranon bursa

A

Lies between olecranon process & skin

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2
Q

Elbow muscles

A

Biceps brachii; Brachialis; Brachioradialis; Triceps brachii; Anconeus; Supinator; Pronator teres; Pronator quadratus

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3
Q

Biceps brachii innervation

A

Musculocutaneous

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4
Q

Brachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous

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5
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

Radial

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6
Q

Triceps brachii innervation

A

Radial

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7
Q

Anconeus innervation

A

Radial

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8
Q

Supinator innervation

A

Radial

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9
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

Median

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10
Q

Pronator quadratus innervation

A

Median

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11
Q

Pronator teres - Location & origin

A

Proximal; medial origin

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12
Q

Pronator quadratus - Location & origin

A

Distal; medial origin

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13
Q

Supinator - Location & origin

A

Proximal; lateral origin

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14
Q

Elbow flexors

A

Biceps brachii; Brachialis; Brachioradialis

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15
Q

Elbow extensors

A

Triceps brachii; Anconeus

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16
Q

Pronators

A

Pronator teres; Pronator quadratus

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17
Q

Supinators

A

Biceps brachii; Supinator

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18
Q

Specific history questions for elbow

A

Heavy lifting; fall on olecranon

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19
Q

Gunstock deformity

A

Varus angulation of elbow

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20
Q

MCL test

A

Apply valgus stress; (+) = Pain and laxity of MCL

21
Q

LCL test

A

Apply varus stress; (+) = Pain and laxity of LCL

22
Q

Annular ligment test

A

Passively pronate & supinate arm > pain; place hand around radial head to stabilize; passively pronate & supinate; (+) = pain disappears with pressure

23
Q

Tennis Elbow Test

A

Elbow at 90; ask patient to extend wrist & hold; apply resistance; (+) = Pain at lateral epicondyle

24
Q

Lateral epicondylitis

A

Tennis elbow; tendonitis of wrist extensors;

25
Q

Lateral epicondylitis - S/Sx

A

S/Sx = pain at lateral epicondyle; DECREASED GRIP STRENGTH; LIFTING GALLON OF MILK PAINFUL

26
Q

Lateral epicondylitis - Mechanism

A

Overuse of wrist extension

27
Q

Cozen’s test

A

Elbow at 90; passively flex wrist & radially deviate and hold in position; ask pt to actively extend elbow while provider holds wrist in place; (+) = pain at lateral epicondyle

28
Q

Tests for Tennis Elbow/Lateral Epicondylitis

A

Tennis elbow test; Cozen’s Test

29
Q

Common Elbow Fractures

A

Distal humerus; Proximal ulna; Proximal radius

30
Q

Potential complications of elbow fractures

A

Damage to brachial a. and/or Median n.

31
Q

Common elbow contusions

A

Olecranon process (most common); Lateral condyle; Radial head (defensive wound); Biceps & triceps; ulnar n.

32
Q

Elbow dislocation vs. subluxation

A

Will dislocate but will not sublux

33
Q

Posterior Elbow dislocation - mechanism

A

Blow to anterior forearm of flexed elbow (posterior dislocation)

34
Q

Anterior Elbow dislocation - mechanism

A

Blow to posterior upper arm of flexed elbow

35
Q

MCL sprain

A

Most common elbow lig sprain

36
Q

MCL sprain - mechanism

A

Mechanism = Hyperextension (FALLING BACKWARD ON OUTSTRETCHED ARM); VALGUS STRESS (BASEBALL PITCHER); hit from outside

37
Q

MCL sprain - S/Sx

A

S/Sx = Pain, edema, point tenderness; (+) = Valgus stress test

38
Q

LCL Sprain - Mechanism

A

Mechanism = Hyperextension; Hit from inside

39
Q

LCL Sprain - S/Sx

A

S/Sx = More edema than MCL; point tender; (+) Varus stress test

40
Q

Annular ligment sprain - Mechanism

A

Mechanism = Falling on outstretched arm sending force up arm & causing joint to split apart

41
Q

Annular ligament sprain - S/Sx

A

S/Sx = pain around radial head; edema; MORE COMMON IN KIDS & ELDERLY

42
Q

Radial Head dislocation - Mechanism

A

Mechanism = Falling on outstretched arm sending force up arm & causing joint to split apart

43
Q

Olecranon bursitis - Mechanism

A

Mechanism = Fall on flexed elbow (most common); direct blow; Studying on elbow; high recurrence rate

44
Q

Olecranon bursitis - S/Sx

A

S/Sx = Golfball or baseball size edema; pain possible; calcifications may develop

45
Q

Medial Epicondylitis

A

Golfer’s elbow; tendonitis of wrist flexors; less common than tennis elbow

46
Q

Ulnar Compression Syndrome

A

Inflammed ulnar nerve

47
Q

Ulnar Compression Syndrome - S/Sx

A

Pain, numbness, tingling along medial (ulnar) aspect of lower forearm & hand; (+) Tinel sign at ulnar n.

48
Q

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome

A

Branch of median n. passing between heads of pronator teres

49
Q

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome - S/Sx

A

Paralysis of flexors of index finger & thumb; (+) = Pinch test

Physical Assessment (13 decks)

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