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Physical Assessment > 2. Knee Anatomy > Flashcards

2. Knee Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Tibiofemoral joint

A

Largest joint in body; modified hinge

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2
Q

Patellofemoral

A

Joint between patella and femur

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3
Q

Parts of femur involved in knee joint

A

Med & lat epicondyles; Adductor tubercle

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4
Q

Parts of tibia involved in knee joint

A

Plateau; med & lat condyles; tibial tuberosity

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5
Q

Parts of fibula involved in kneed joint

A

Head; non-weight bearing, but does have role in ligament attachment

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6
Q

Patella

A

Largest sesamoid bone of body; lies within patellar tendon; gives mechanical advantage to knee and protection

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7
Q

Patella alta

A

Patella that rides abnormally high

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8
Q

Patella baja

A

Patella that rides abnormally low

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9
Q

MCL

A

Med epicondyle of femur to med condyle of tibia; BLENDS WITH CAPSULE AND MEDIAL MENSISCUS

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10
Q

LCL

A

Lat epicondyle of femur to head of fibula; Lies under biceps femoris tendon; does NOT blend with capsule or meniscus

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11
Q

ACL

A

Connects ANTERIOR TIBIA to POSTERIOR FEMUR; prevents tibia from sliding forward

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12
Q

PCL

A

Connects POSTERIOR TIBIA to ANTERIOR FEMUR; prevents tibia from sliding back under femur; prevents hyperextension

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13
Q

Coronal Ligament

A

Goes AROUND tibial condyles; keeps mensiscus in place

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14
Q

Transverse Ligament

A

Attaches 2 mensisci anteriorly

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15
Q

Capsule

A

Largest in body is in the knee; secretes synovial fluid

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16
Q

Menisci

A

Cartilage; shock absorber; decrease friction; NO NERVE INNERVATION; MOSTLY AVASCULAR (INNER)

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17
Q

Medial mensiscus

A

C-shaped; Attaches to MCL & capsule; larger than latera; moves posteriorly during flexion

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18
Q

Lateral mensiscus

A

Sits on tibial condyle; O-shaped; NOT attached to LCL; moves posteriorly during flexion

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19
Q

Patellar Tendon

A

Insertion of quadraceps muscles; patella within tendon; inserts at tibial tuberosity

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20
Q

Muscles for Extending the Knee

A

Quadriceps (Rectus femoris; Vastus lateralis; Vastus medialis for last 20 degrees; Vastus intermedius) - ALL INSERT INTO PATELLAR TENDON; Tensor fascia latae

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21
Q

Muscles for Flexing the Knee

A

Hamstrings (Biceps femoris - lateral; Semitendinosis - medial; Semimembranous - medial); Sartorius; Tensor fascia latae

22
Q

Sartorius

A

Tailored muscle, anterior; SPANS HIP AND KNEE; Hip flex, abd, ER & Knee extension; Longest muscle in body

23
Q

Gracilis

A

Adductor of hip; medial

24
Q

Tensor fascia Latae

A

Inserts into Iliotibial fascia; Hip abduction; KNEE FLEXION AND EXTENSION; lateral side

25
Q

Pes Anserine

A

Point of insertion on Medial tibial condyle for Gracilis, Semitendinosis, and Sartorius

26
Q

Popliteus

A

Muscle directly behind knee; lateral to femur to medial tibia (wider); UNLOCKS THE KNEE

27
Q

Iliotibial Band/ IT Band

A

Provides lateral support; Wide fascia on lateral thigh becomes narrow band by knee; INSERTS AT GERDY’S TUBERCLE; Originates from Tensor Fascia Latae

28
Q

7 Bursa of the Knee

A

Supra/Pre/Infrapatellar; IT Band; Pes Anserine; Popliteal; Lateral (under LCL)

29
Q

Suprapatellar bursa

A

Above patella; between Quad tendon and femur

30
Q

Prepatellar bursa

A

On patella (anterior); between patella and tendon

31
Q

Infrapatellar bursa (2)

A

Below patella (inferior); between tendon and tibia

32
Q

Lateral bursa

A

Between LCL & biceps femoris tendon

33
Q

IT Band bursa

A

Between IT band and tibia; Lateral

34
Q

Pes Anserine bursa

A

Between MCL & Pes tendons; medial

35
Q

Popliteal bursa

A

Baker’s Cyst; between head of gastroc and semimembranosus; Posterior

36
Q

Peripheral nerve supply

A

Lateral cutaneous; Saphenous; Lateral peroneal; Superficial peroneal

37
Q

Lateral peroneal n.

A

L5, S1, 2

38
Q

Superficial peroneal n.

A

L4, 5, S1

39
Q

Saphenous n.

A

L3,4

40
Q

Lateral cutaneous n. of thigh

A

L2, 3

41
Q

Main thigh artery

A

Femoral a.

42
Q

Arteries around femoral epicondyles

A

Superior medial and lateral genicular arteries

43
Q

Arteries around head of tibia

A

Inferior medial and lateral genicular arteries

44
Q

Artery in popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal a.

45
Q

Posterior arteries of leg (calf)

A

Posterior tibial, Fibular, & Perforating aa.

46
Q

Anterior arteries of leg (calf)

A

Anterior tibial a; Perforating branches of fibular aa.

47
Q

Blood supply of plantar foot

A

Medial and lateral plantar aa.

48
Q

Blood supply of dorsal foot

A

Dorsalis pedis a.

49
Q

Blood supply of ankle

A

medial and lateral malleolar aa.

50
Q

Genu Valgum

A

Knock-kneed

51
Q

Genu Varus

A

Bow-legged

52
Q

Genu Recurvatum

A

Hyperextension

Physical Assessment (13 decks)

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