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Physical Assessment > 2. Knee Anatomy > Flashcards

2. Knee Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Tibiofemoral joint

A

Largest joint in body; modified hinge

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2
Q

Patellofemoral

A

Joint between patella and femur

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3
Q

Parts of femur involved in knee joint

A

Med & lat epicondyles; Adductor tubercle

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4
Q

Parts of tibia involved in knee joint

A

Plateau; med & lat condyles; tibial tuberosity

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5
Q

Parts of fibula involved in kneed joint

A

Head; non-weight bearing, but does have role in ligament attachment

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6
Q

Patella

A

Largest sesamoid bone of body; lies within patellar tendon; gives mechanical advantage to knee and protection

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7
Q

Patella alta

A

Patella that rides abnormally high

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8
Q

Patella baja

A

Patella that rides abnormally low

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9
Q

MCL

A

Med epicondyle of femur to med condyle of tibia; BLENDS WITH CAPSULE AND MEDIAL MENSISCUS

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10
Q

LCL

A

Lat epicondyle of femur to head of fibula; Lies under biceps femoris tendon; does NOT blend with capsule or meniscus

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11
Q

ACL

A

Connects ANTERIOR TIBIA to POSTERIOR FEMUR; prevents tibia from sliding forward

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12
Q

PCL

A

Connects POSTERIOR TIBIA to ANTERIOR FEMUR; prevents tibia from sliding back under femur; prevents hyperextension

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13
Q

Coronal Ligament

A

Goes AROUND tibial condyles; keeps mensiscus in place

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14
Q

Transverse Ligament

A

Attaches 2 mensisci anteriorly

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15
Q

Capsule

A

Largest in body is in the knee; secretes synovial fluid

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16
Q

Menisci

A

Cartilage; shock absorber; decrease friction; NO NERVE INNERVATION; MOSTLY AVASCULAR (INNER)

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17
Q

Medial mensiscus

A

C-shaped; Attaches to MCL & capsule; larger than latera; moves posteriorly during flexion

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18
Q

Lateral mensiscus

A

Sits on tibial condyle; O-shaped; NOT attached to LCL; moves posteriorly during flexion

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19
Q

Patellar Tendon

A

Insertion of quadraceps muscles; patella within tendon; inserts at tibial tuberosity

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20
Q

Muscles for Extending the Knee

A

Quadriceps (Rectus femoris; Vastus lateralis; Vastus medialis for last 20 degrees; Vastus intermedius) - ALL INSERT INTO PATELLAR TENDON; Tensor fascia latae

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21
Q

Muscles for Flexing the Knee

A

Hamstrings (Biceps femoris - lateral; Semitendinosis - medial; Semimembranous - medial); Sartorius; Tensor fascia latae

22
Q

Sartorius

A

Tailored muscle, anterior; SPANS HIP AND KNEE; Hip flex, abd, ER & Knee extension; Longest muscle in body

23
Q

Gracilis

A

Adductor of hip; medial

24
Q

Tensor fascia Latae

A

Inserts into Iliotibial fascia; Hip abduction; KNEE FLEXION AND EXTENSION; lateral side

25
Pes Anserine
Point of insertion on Medial tibial condyle for Gracilis, Semitendinosis, and Sartorius
26
Popliteus
Muscle directly behind knee; lateral to femur to medial tibia (wider); UNLOCKS THE KNEE
27
Iliotibial Band/ IT Band
Provides lateral support; Wide fascia on lateral thigh becomes narrow band by knee; INSERTS AT GERDY'S TUBERCLE; Originates from Tensor Fascia Latae
28
7 Bursa of the Knee
Supra/Pre/Infrapatellar; IT Band; Pes Anserine; Popliteal; Lateral (under LCL)
29
Suprapatellar bursa
Above patella; between Quad tendon and femur
30
Prepatellar bursa
On patella (anterior); between patella and tendon
31
Infrapatellar bursa (2)
Below patella (inferior); between tendon and tibia
32
Lateral bursa
Between LCL & biceps femoris tendon
33
IT Band bursa
Between IT band and tibia; Lateral
34
Pes Anserine bursa
Between MCL & Pes tendons; medial
35
Popliteal bursa
Baker's Cyst; between head of gastroc and semimembranosus; Posterior
36
Peripheral nerve supply
Lateral cutaneous; Saphenous; Lateral peroneal; Superficial peroneal
37
Lateral peroneal n.
L5, S1, 2
38
Superficial peroneal n.
L4, 5, S1
39
Saphenous n.
L3,4
40
Lateral cutaneous n. of thigh
L2, 3
41
Main thigh artery
Femoral a.
42
Arteries around femoral epicondyles
Superior medial and lateral genicular arteries
43
Arteries around head of tibia
Inferior medial and lateral genicular arteries
44
Artery in popliteal fossa
Popliteal a.
45
Posterior arteries of leg (calf)
Posterior tibial, Fibular, & Perforating aa.
46
Anterior arteries of leg (calf)
Anterior tibial a; Perforating branches of fibular aa.
47
Blood supply of plantar foot
Medial and lateral plantar aa.
48
Blood supply of dorsal foot
Dorsalis pedis a.
49
Blood supply of ankle
medial and lateral malleolar aa.
50
Genu Valgum
Knock-kneed
51
Genu Varus
Bow-legged
52
Genu Recurvatum
Hyperextension

Physical Assessment (13 decks)

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