2. Ankle Anatomy Flashcards
Lateral ankle ligaments
May be injured with excessive inversion; Ant/Post Tibfib; Ant/Post TaloFib; Calcaneofib
Medial ankle ligaments
May be injured with excessive eversion; Deltoid ligaments
Peroneal Tendons
Inversion and eversion injuries possible; Peroneal longus - inserts at great toe; Peroneal brevis - inserts at base of 5th MT
Medial ankle muscles/tendons
Posterior tibialis; Flexor digitorum
Anterior ankle muscles/tendons
Anterior tibialis; Extensor digitorum; Extensor hallucis
Anterior tibialis
Inserts into 1st cunieform & 1st MT
Achille’s Tendon
Insertion of Gastronemius & Soleus
Ankle bursa
Retrocalcaneal; Retro-Achille’s; Subcalcaneal
Plantar Fascia
Band of fascia from calcaneus to heads of MT; inelastic; tight with high arch
Gastrocnemius
Plantar flexion with knee extended; Origin at femur; Insertion at Achille’s tendon
Soleus
Plantar flexion with knee flexed; Origin at tibia; Insertion at Achille’s tendon
Posterior Tibialis Tendon
Assists with plantarflexion; cannot be directly palpated; Located medial, posterior ankle; Inversion
Dorsiflexor muscles
Anterior tibialis; Extensor digitorum; Extensor hallucis
Plantarflexion muscles
Gastrocnemius; Soleus; Posterior tibialis
Inversion muscles
Anterior tibialis; Posterior tibialis
Eversion muscles
Peroneals
Great toe flexion
Flexor Hallucis
Great toe extension
Extensor Hallucis
Toe flexion
Flexor digitorum
Toe extension
Extensor digitorum
Blood supply of posterior ankle
Posterior tibial a. & Peroneal a
Blood supply of anterior ankle
Anterior tibial a.; Perforating branch of fibular/peroneal a.; Lat & Med malleolar aa.
Blood supply of dorsum of foot
Dorsal a. of foot; tarsal aa.; arcuate a.
Tarsal Tunnel
Located posterior to medial malleolus; includes posterior tibial nerve
