5- dietary management of IBD, IBS & coeliac

Question 1

what are diet risk factors for IBD?

Answer 1

• diets high in refined sugars & fats
• westernised eating
• diets low in fruit & veg & fibre

→should aim for high fibre

Question 2

what do people restrict in IBD when they don’t necessarily need to?

Answer 2

might avoid milk products as people might associate with prolonging their symptoms - similar with fibre sometimes people avoid as people associate with prolonged symptoms = people often restrict more than they should

Question 3

what are dietary complications of IBD?

Answer 3

• anaemia →increases morbidity, risk of hospitalisation, impairs quality of life
• vitamin D deficiency →worsening disease →increase risk of bone marrow density & osteoporosis (60-70% fracture risk)

Question 4

what is treatment for coeliac?

Answer 4

avoid gluten!
- there are lots of naturally gluten free food like fruit & veg, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk cheese, dairy

Question 5

what is problem with avoiding gluten for coeliac’s?

Answer 5

cross contamination = even breadcrumb problematic

Question 6

what are symptoms of IBS?

Answer 6

abdominal pain, bloating & distension, wind, changes in bowel habit

Question 7

what is dietary advice for IBS?

Answer 7

• small regular meals
• adequate fluids
• chewing and taking time for food
• avoid rich fatty foods
• don’t skip meals or eat late at night
• reduce gas producing foods
• avoid sugar free mints, sweets & gum
• increase fibre if IBS constipation and decrease if IBS diarrhoea

Question 8

what is FODMAP?

Answer 8

fermentable foods, oligosaccharides (wheat, rye, pulses), disaccharides (lactose in diary), monosaccharides (fructose in honey, apples) and polyols (sorbitol & mannitol, artificial sweeteners)
= trigger symptoms like fuel for gut