5. d. Creating Information From Data Flashcards
What are the characteristics of valuable information?
The information we create from our data needs to be useful and include the following: Accessible Accurate Complete Economical Flexible Relevant Reliable Secure Simple Timely Verifiable
Explain the fairness of information use.
Information needs to be used fairly and legally. The main four areas are:
Knowledge - people know what data is stored about them.
Control - can people correct errors.
Notice - can an organisation use the data for other purposes other than intended.
Consent - do people give consent for them to use the information.
What characteristic of valuable information is important to decision makers?
Relevant information
Creating information from data can be done using …..?
Queries
What is the difference between a database and a table?
A table is a single store of related information using rows and columns to display the information. A database can consist of one of many tables that are related in some way.
What is a DBMS (database management system) and what are its functions?
A DBMS is a specifically designed piece of software that interacts with the user and the database to capture and analyse data. Main functions are: Creation of database Querying - using SQL Updating Administration
Why are entities important in a database?
An entity is a thing or object of importance about which data must be captured. Each entity represents a different concept of the concept in question.
What is a relationship and what are three types?
A relationship describes the association between entities. The three types are one-to-one e.g. Each employee name (A) is associated with only one ID number (B).
One-to-many. e.g. The one building (A) is associated with many employees (B).
Many-to-many. e.g. an organisations customers (A) can purchase many different products (B).
Define what these terms mean. Data, Field, Record
Data - data can be an image, text, video clip or sound. It is used to display facts or statistics within a database.
Field - A space given to input a particular piece of data. Databases have several different fields or different field types.
Record - A row of data in a database table consisting of a single value.
Describe the basic features of the Relational Database Model.
Data and relationships are represented as tables, each of which has a number of columns with a unique name. There is no explicit link between two tables, the tables are related to each other by sharing a common entity.
What are two views when designing a database?
Logical View - Shows a model of how the data should be arranged to meet the organisations needs, it involves identifying relationships among different data items and grouping them in an orderly fashion.
Physical view - They start from logical view, however they fine-tune the database concentrating on saving storage space and cost cutting.
Define what an entity, attribute and relationship is.
Entity - Anything that required data stored about it such as a person, place or thing.
Attribute - Describes something about the entity, such as a persons eye colour or height.
Relationship - Describes the association between entities.
