5 - Comparative Arthrology Flashcards
– Joints united by fibrous tissue, cartilage or a mixture of the two.
– Often termed immovable joints.
Synarthroses
–applied to the joints of the skull where the adjacent margins of the bones are interlocked.
Suture
What suture where the edges overlap – parieto-temporal joint.
Squamous suture
What suture where the edges are irregular – Frontal joint.
Serrated suture
What suture where the edges are straight – nasal joint.
Harmonious suture
–Where the uniting medium is elastic tissue, white fibrous tissue or mixture.
–attachments of costal cartilages to each other.
Syndesmosis
–found between the tooth and the alveolar sockets.
Gomphosis
“cartilaginous joint”
– Joints which have both synarthrodial and diarthrodial features
– intercentral vertebral joints.
–Cartilaginous permits limited movement such as compression, stretching and bending
–hayaline cartilage with fibrocartilage or a combination of two hyaline cartilage and fibrous cartilage
Ampiarthroses
•where the uniting medium is cartilage
•sphenoid and basilar occipital joint
Synchondrosis
Cartilage becomes ossified making?
synostoses
•applied to joints in the median plane
•The uniting medium is generally ossified cartilage and fibrous tissue
Symphysis
“true joints”
– This joints are those which possess the following features:
•a synovial joint cavity
•a joint capsule with synovial membrane and synovial fluid
•Articular cartilage
•Mobility
Diarthroses
hinge joint, elbow. (Diarthrodial joint)
Ginglymus
gliding joint, intercarpals. (Diarthrodial joint)
Arthrodial
pivot joint, atlanto-axial (Diarthrodial joint)
Trochoid
ball and socket joint, hip (Diarthrodial joint)
Enarthrosis
– Between ramus of mandible and squamous temporal bone on either side.
TEMPORO-MANDIBULAR JOINT
Movable vertebrae form two separate articulations
VERTEBRAE(joint?)
joint etween the bodies of vertebrae
Intercentral
joints between the articular processes of vertebrae
Interneural
Intercentral articulations are?
ampiarthroses
Interneural articulations are?
diarthroses
- What are diarthroses peculiar to Equidae.
- They occur between the transverse processes of 5th and 6th lumbar, and between the latter and the wings of the sacrum.
Intertransverse articulations
What is diarthrodial with ginglymus filament (movement).
atlanto-occipital articulation
•The atlanto-axial articulation is diarthrodial with trochoid filament (movement)
Atlanto-axial joint
- between the head of the rib and the two adjacent bodies of the vertebrae
Costo – central
between the facet on the rib tubercle and the transverse process of the vertebra of the same number
Costo-transverse
Both costo-central and costo-transverse are?
diarthrodial
The joints between the ribs and rib cartilage are synarthroses.
COSTO-CHONDRAL
The joints between the ribs and rib cartilage are?
synarthroses
In ox and sheep the 2nd to the 11th costo-chondral junctions are?
diarthroses
In Pig the 2nd to the 5th costo-chondral junctions are?
diarthroses
–Between the cartilages of the sternal ribs and the sternum
CHONDRO–STERNAL
CHONDRO–STERNAL
–Between the cartilages of the sternal ribs and the sternum. They are?
diarthroses
The joints between the sternal segments
INTERSTERNAL
INTERSTERNAL
- The joints between the sternal segments commence as?
synchondroses
INTERSTERNAL
- The joints between the sternal segments commence as synchondroses, becoming ossified as?
synostoses
Between head of the humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula
SHOULDER(joint?)
Between distal humerus and proximal radius and ulna
ELBOW(joint?)
A composite joint between:
- (1)Distal radius and ulna (only radius in the Horse) and proximal carpals.
- (2) Intercarpal.
- (3) Distal carpals and proximal metacarpals.
“CARPAL” (joint?)
Between distal metacarpals (metacarpus in the case of the Horse), proximal 1st phalanx and proximal sesamoids.
FETLOCK
The ligaments of the fetlock joints are? medial and lateral
Collaterals
Between distal 1st phalanx and proximal 2nd phalanx
PASTERN (joint?)
Between 2nd and 3rd phalanges and navicular bone
COFFIN JOINT
Between the auricular surfaces of ilium and sacrum
SACRO – ILIAC joint
Between head of femur and acetabulum.
HIP joint
crosses the notch of the acetabulum.
Tranverse acetabular
runs from the sub-pubic groove to the fovea on the head of the femur.
Round ligament
This runs from the prepubic tendon to form just beyond the round ligament.
accessory ligament
the acetabulum is deepened by a ring of fibro-cartilage, the ? which is attached to a bony margin.
Cotyloid ligament
between the trochlea of the femur and the patella
Femoro-patellar patella
between the condyles of the femur, proximal tibia and the interposed articular menisci, or semi-lunar cartilages.
Femoro-tibial
• A composite joint of three separate articulations:
– Tibio-tarsal
– Intertarsal
– Tarso-metatarsal
HOCK (joint?)
