4B.3

Question 1

Describe Country Antrim

Answer 1

• The most populous of N. Ireland’s six counties. Home to Belfast and Lisburn (cities).
• North Antrim is rural – dairy and meat farming due to climate and terrain.
• Home to Giant’s Causeway (UNESCO World Heritage Site) and seaside towns.

Question 2

State 7 global changes that might shape Antrim

Answer 2

• Deindustrialisation: Japanese/South Korean competition for factories / heavy industry
• Increased air / sea traffic (e.g. containerisation)
• Increased global connections – media / ideas / people / money
• Big increase in migration & tourism (e.g. within the EU)
• Resentment towards new groups arriving in countries / cities
• Urban Development Corporations were set-up to redevelop industrial areas (but not in Belfast) and refocus on tertiary / quaternary
• Global consumer spending has slowed, cities have to compete with London

Question 3

Key changes in belfast

Answer 3

1) Closure of heavy industry (e.g. Harland & Woolf / Shorts)
2) Catholic population disadvantaged in N Belfast (Port traffic reduction)
3) Tension and Conflict between Protestant & Catholic communities (> 1,600 killed)
4) USA linked to arming IRA, and consequent mediation by President Clinton
5) Refocus on engineering R&D, e.g. Queens University Belfast
6) Post-industrial regeneration of derelict Harbour land - Holywood / Harbour Exchange / Belfast City Airport –
7) Migration - Polish / Chinese / Indian / East European (6.6% ethnic minority)
8) Post-cultural regeneration: Titanic Quarter redeveloped – becomes largest tourist attraction
9) HBO Studios opened on derelict harbour land – Game of Thrones filming beings
10) Associated Titanic / Game of Thrones tourism
11) Success for NI football team in World Cup 2015 – changes perceptions.
12) But: continued competition for Belfast Town Centre against online shopping

Question 4

Local characteristics of belfast: physical location

Answer 4

Belfast Lough is more accessible and calmer for trade and shipbuilding, attracting working class ‘Catholic’ migrants

Question 5

Local characteristics of belfast: access to key cities

Answer 5

(e.g. Liverpool, Manchester) influences cultural diversity, - people want to be able to fly to for work, and then travel back to place of origin, or meet others from same ethnic group.

Question 6

Local characteristics of belfast: skill of migrants

Answer 6

e.g. Queens University attracts / produces very high quality engineers and lawyers, as well as medics, who continue to work in Belfast Royal Hospital

Question 7

Local characteristics of belfast: cultural diversity

Answer 7

Cultural diversity is low (e.g. Somali / Pakistani in Belfast)