46. Other sparkling wines Flashcards
How does transfer method differ from methode traditionelle?
After yeast autolysis in bottle, wine is put in tank without riddling (but secondary fermentation occurs in a bottle for both methods)
In the transfer method of making sparkling wine, how are dead yeast removed?
filtered (not disgorgement)
Name four alternative methods to methode traditionelle to make sparkling wine.
transfer, tank, Asti, carbonation.
Which alternative methods for sparkling wine production are used in the USA?
All four: transfer, tank, Asti, carbonation.
What is the distinguishing aspect of the transfer method?
Steps of the process up to riddling are the same, disgorgement occurs into a tank and dosage occurs in the tank prior to rebottling; the second fermentation occurs in a bottle, thus “bottle-fermented,” but not “fermented in this bottle’
What is the distinguishing aspect of the tank method?
secondary fermentation occurs in a tank (not a bottle,) sediment is removed by filtration
What is the Charmat method for sparkling wine production?
tank
What is the most common method for inexpensive sparkling wine production?
tank
What is the chief disadvantage of the tank method for sparkling wine production?
lack of subtle flavors from yeast autolysis
What are the main advantages of the tank method for sparkling wine production?
cost is lower, highlight varietal character, especially for Muscat, Reisling and Glera.
What is the distinguishing aspect of the Asti method?
no production of still wine, no secondary fermentation
Name four (of seven) French Crémant sparkling wine AC’s.
Crémant d’Alsace, Crémant de Bordeaux, Crémant de Bourgogne, Crémant de Die, Crémant du Jura, Crémant de Limoux and Crémant de Loire.
What are regulations for French Crémant production?
Grapes must be hand-harvested; Grapes may be whole bunch pressed or they may be destemmed; The quantity of must obtained from the pressed grapes cannot exceed 100 liters for every 150 kg of grapes; The second fermentation (prise de mousse) must occur in bottle; While Crémant wines follow the same sweetness and dosage parameters as Champagne the finished wines cannot exceed a dosage of more than 50g/l sugar; Crémant wines must age for at least 9 months on the lees before being disgorged, and then an additional three months before release to the market
What is the largest French Crémant AOC?
Alsace (accounts for over 50% of Crémant production)
Compare the effervescence of Champagne to Crémant.
Champagne wines have 5-6 bars of atmospheric pressure whereas Crémant wines typically have less than 4 bars of atmospheric pressure.
Name 3 sparkling wine AC’s from the Loire Valley.
Cremant de Loire AC, Saumur Mousseaux AC, Vouvray AC
Which is made in greater quantity sparkling Vouvray AC or still Vouvray AC?
sparkling
Name a French AC that produces red sparkling wine?
Saumur Mousseaux AC using Cabernet Franc
Chenin Blanc and Chardonnay both have high acidity well suited to sparkling wine, how do these sparkling wines differ?
Chenin blanc does not absorb bready, biscuity autolytic character as as well as Chardonnay or Pinot Noir; when present the autolytic character of Chenin Blanc tends to be smoky and toasty
Where is most Cava produced?
Penedes in Calalan
Name 3 other areas outside Penedes where Cava can be produced.
Navarra, Rioja and Valencia
Name the 3 traditional grapes for Cava.
Macabeo (Viura), Xarel-lo, Parellada
Describe the autolytic character of Cava.
smoky and rubbery
What is the role of long-term ageing for Cava?
rare
