45

Question 1

conferendis pecuniis pervastata Italia

Answer 1

juxtaposition of both phrases make N’s abuse horrifyingly clear, compounded by per- prefix

Question 2

provinciae eversae sociique populi et quae civitatium

Answer 2

tricolon lists the victims of this appropriation of financial resources

Question 3

liberae vocantur

Answer 3

designated as free from taxes, ‘vocantur’ highlights the irony

Question 4

praedam

Answer 4

term for military plunder - presents this forced fundraising as a ruthless military campaign

Question 5

etiam dii

Answer 5

N’s brutality does not stop with the mortals

Question 6

spoliatis

Answer 6

military term for looting

Question 7

quod… quod

Answer 7

anaphora emphasises the number of past grand occasions on which the golden statues had been dedicated to the temples, which N is violating the memory of

Question 8

in urbe

Answer 8

even the capital is not exempt

Question 9

triumphis

Answer 9

abuse of the highest honour

Question 10

omnis populi Romani aetas prospere

Answer 10

N’s abuse is indiscriminate

Question 11

sacraverat

Answer 11

reminds us of the holy origin of the gold, which N is desecrating

Question 12

enimvero

Answer 12

emphatic

Question 13

Asiam atque Achaiam

Answer 13

wealthiest provinces in terms of statues and religious artefacts

Question 14

abripiebantur

Answer 14

especially violent verb

Question 15

non… tantum, sed

Answer 15

construction places emphasis on the secondary phrase ‘simulacra numinum abripiebantur’

Question 16

Acrato

Answer 16

Acratus: akrates (Greek) - someone without control of their own passions

N’s choice of henchmen reflects his personality

Question 17

Secundo Carrinate

Answer 17

Secundus Carrinas: son of shamed and exiled orator

Question 18

libertus

Answer 18

brings up unhealthy influence of ex-slaves at the imperial court

Question 19

flagitio promptus

Answer 19

supports T’s opinion

Question 20

ore… animum

Answer 20

contrast shows his hypocrisy, and the lack of effect on his mind of the excellent education implies the inherent depravity of Greeks

Question 21

invidiam

Answer 21

strong - implies real hatred

Question 22

averteret

Answer 22

even his closest adviser wants no part in the ‘sacreligium’

Question 23

oravisse

Answer 23

reinforces his desire to remain untainted by N’s depravity

Question 24

ficta

Answer 24

even noble Seneca is driven to deceit by the depravity of his former pupil

Question 25

venenum

Answer 25

early position draws attention to the despicable fact he tried to murder his old friend and tutor - reminiscent of Agrippina’s murder; N’s brutality is not bound by loyalty

Question 26

proditione liberti seu propria formidine

Answer 26

proditione: the fact he was willing to betray the emperor rather than powerless Seneca is very telling of N’s total lack of approval

chiasmus - provides two explanations, the shockingness of both emphasised by alliteration and paronomasia