(44) Intestinal Secretion Flashcards
(Understand the organizational structure of the gut)
do it
villi increase surface area
lacteals - involved in lipid transport
base of villi - crypt epithelium - stem cells - give rise to other cells - crypt specific problems are really bad
do it
(Cell types and Structures in the Intestine)
(Say what each of these does)
- villus epithelial cells
- brush border
- crypt epithelial cells
- enteroendocrine cels
- goblet cells
- lacteals
- brunner’s glands
- paneth cells
- stem cells
- peyer’s patches
- plexus neurons
- absorptive
- digestion/absorption
- secretion (water, HCO3)
- hormones (2o types)
- mucus
- chylomicrons
- mucus
- lysosomal hyrdolases
- progenitor cells
- lymphoid follicles
- smooth muscle regulation
(Differentiate duodenal, jejunal, and ileal structure)
just look at these slide - they are on the ipad
there are three of them
(Understand net water turnover in the GI tract)
learn this
don’t memorize numbers - know the general numbers
(Understand Biology of the Crypt Epithelium)
1-3. Stem cells in crypt give rise to what other 3 cell types (what is the function of each type)?
- crypt cells –> secretion
- goblet cells –> mucus
- enterocytes –> absorption
(think of this as a crypt cells)
- does sympathetic (NE) inhibit or stimulate secretion of water and chloride?
- does parasympathetic (Ach - cholinergic) inhibit or stimulate secretion of water and Cl-?
- opiod neurons also dive down into circular smooth muscle (also effect smooth muscle - causes segmentation) + inhibit secretion - they also innervate epithelial cells and increase Na+, Cl-, and water absorption
- inflammation, infection are responsbile for PMN and Mast cell (5-HT is aka serotonin) - so they basically cause diarrhea
- inhibits
- stimulate
(Cryptosporidium parvum infection)
- Causes expression of what two substances?
- PGI2 acts on what?
- overall effect is to do what?
- PGE2 is direct, PGI2 is indirect
- PGE2, PGI2
- myenteric ganglion
- increase Cl- and water secretion
(plus make note of IL-1b and TNFa which stimulate fibroblast)
(know that prostaglandin synthetase interferes - therefore a treatment)
(Vibrio Cholera Toxin)
- remember that 5HT is same as serotonin
just learn the diagram
on ipad
(Pathogenesis of E. Coli Diarrhea)
- produce STa (toxins) that stimulate what?
get a general idea of figure - he wasnt do adamant about this
- guanylate cyclase (GC)
(Anti-secretory therapy - non-specific therapies)
- What drugs work as Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitors? (there are three)
- what is the effet of these?
- sulfasalazine, olsalazine, prednisone (not so good - lots of side effects)
- reduce secretion
(Anti-secretory therapy - non-specific therapies)
(u,delta-opiod agonists)
1-2. what are two drugs?
- avoid in what?
- loperamide
- diphenoxylate (number of side effects - don’t use it)
- collie dogs - limited ability to metabolize this drug
(Anti-secretory therapy - non-specific therapies)
(5-HT3 Serotonin Antagonists)
1-4. What are the four drugs?
- ondansetron
- granisetron
- tropisetron
- dolasetron
(probably don’t worry much about memorizing these)
(Anti-secretory therapy - non-specific therapies)
(a2-adrenergic agonsists)
- What is the one drug?
- clonidine
(Anti-secretory therapy - non-specific therapies)
1-4. what are the four general therapies?
- prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors
- opiod agonists
- 5-HT3 serotonergic antagonists
- a2-adrenergic agonists
(LOOK AT THIS)
inflammatory bowel disease
he didn’t really talk about this but here it is
