4.3.3.2 Plant Defence Responses Flashcards
1
Q
What are physical defence responses of plants used to do?
A
used to resist invasion of microorganisms
2
Q
What are the physical defence responses of plants?
A
- cellulose cell walls to form a physical barrier into the cells
- tough waxy cuticle on leaves stops entry into leaves
- layers of dead cells around stems (e.g. bark) which stops pathogens from entering as the dead cells fall off with the pathogens
3
Q
What are chemical defence responses of plants used to do?
A
used to deter predators or kill bacteria
4
Q
What are the chemical defence responses of plants?
A
- poisons (e.g. foxgloves, tobacco plants, deadly nightshade, yew etc.) to deter herbivores
- antibacterial chemical compounds kill bacteria e.g. mint plant and witch hazel
5
Q
What are the mechanical adaptations of plants to defend themselves?
A
- thorns and hairs deter animals as it makes it difficult and painful for animals to eat the plant (don’t defend against insects)
- some leaves can droop or curl when touched which allows them to move away and move insects off their leaves
- mimicry to trick animals
- some plants droop to look like unhealthy plants so that animals avoid them
- plant have patterns that appear to look like butterfly eggs, so butterflies don’t lay their eggs here in order to avoid competition
- species from the ‘ice plant family’ have a stone and pebble like appearance in order to avoid predation