4.3.3.2 Plant Defence Responses Flashcards

1
Q

What are physical defence responses of plants used to do?

A

used to resist invasion of microorganisms

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2
Q

What are the physical defence responses of plants?

A
  • cellulose cell walls to form a physical barrier into the cells
  • tough waxy cuticle on leaves stops entry into leaves
  • layers of dead cells around stems (e.g. bark) which stops pathogens from entering as the dead cells fall off with the pathogens
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3
Q

What are chemical defence responses of plants used to do?

A

used to deter predators or kill bacteria

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4
Q

What are the chemical defence responses of plants?

A
  • poisons (e.g. foxgloves, tobacco plants, deadly nightshade, yew etc.) to deter herbivores
  • antibacterial chemical compounds kill bacteria e.g. mint plant and witch hazel
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5
Q

What are the mechanical adaptations of plants to defend themselves?

A
  • thorns and hairs deter animals as it makes it difficult and painful for animals to eat the plant (don’t defend against insects)
  • some leaves can droop or curl when touched which allows them to move away and move insects off their leaves
  • mimicry to trick animals
    • some plants droop to look like unhealthy plants so that animals avoid them
    • plant have patterns that appear to look like butterfly eggs, so butterflies don’t lay their eggs here in order to avoid competition
    • species from the ‘ice plant family’ have a stone and pebble like appearance in order to avoid predation
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