4.3 Muscles of Eyes, Mastication, Soft Palate, And Tongue Flashcards
Lacrimal gland produces
Tears
The path of a tear from the lacrimal gland to the nasal cavity
Lacrimal duct Surface of eye Lacrimal lake Lacrimal puncta Lacrimal canaliculi Lacrimal sac Nasolacrimal duct Nasal cavity inferior to the inferior concha
How many ocular muscles move the eyeball
6
4 straight and 2 oblique
The 4 rectus eye muscles arise by a
Common tendinous ring
The tendon of the superior oblique muscle runs through a fibrocartilaginous loop call the ______ and then inserts
Trochlea
Inserts into the sclera of eyeball
What nerve innervates the superior oblique
Trochlear
What nerve innervates the inferior oblique
Oculomotor
What nerve innervates the inferior rectus
Oculomotor
What nerve innervates the lateral rectus
Abducens
What nerve innervates the medial rectus
Oculomotor
What nerve innervates superior rectus
Oculomotor
Eye muscles do not
Work alone
Inferior oblique action
Elevates and laterally deviates gaze
Action of superior oblique
Depresses and laterally deviates gaze
Action of inferior rectus
Depresses and medially deviates gaze
Action of lateral rectus
Laterally deviates gaze
Action of medial rectus
Medially deviates gaze
Action of superior rectus
Elevates and medially deviates gaze
When the eye is adducted or abducted the superior and inferior obliques work best to
Lower and raise the eye
To look directly upwards we must use both
Superior rectus and inferior oblique
To look directly downward must use both
Inferior rectus and superior oblique
Temporal fossa is superior to
The zygomatic arch
The infratemporal fossa is inferior to
The zygomatic arch
What cranial nerve is the main sensory nerve for the head and the motor nerve for the muscles of mastication
Trigeminal nerve
Lesson of the trigeminal nerve causes
Anesthesia of corresponding areas on face and paralysis of muscles of mastication
Action of temporalis
Anterior and posterior fibers elevate mandible, posterior fibers retract mandible
Origin and insertion of temporalis
O: floor of temporal fossa
I: Coronoid process of mandible
Action of the masseter
Elevates and protrudes mandible, deep fibers retrude mandible
Origin and insertion of masseter
O: zygomatic arch
I: lateral surface of mandible
Action of medial pterygoid
Elevates and helps protrude mandible
Origin and insertion of medial pterygoid
O: tuberosity of maxilla and lateral pterygoid plate
I: medial surface of angle of mandible
Action of lateral pterygoid
Protrude mandible and produce side to side movements
Origin and insertion of lateral pterygoid
O: upper head-greater wing of sphenoid
Lower head- lateral pterygoid plate
I: neck of mandible and articular disc , capsule of TM joint
Formed by head of the mandible, mandibular fossa, and articular tubercle of temporal bone
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Muscles involved in protraction of TMJ
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Masseter
Muscles involved in retraction of TMJ
Temporalis
Masseter
Geniohyoid
Digastric
Muscles involved in elevation of TMJ
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
(This is biting movement)
Muscles involved in depression of TMJ
Gravity Lateral pterygoid Digastric Geniohyoid Mylohyoid
Movement of the mandible to one side contracts
Temporalis of same side
Medial and lateral pterygoid of opposite side
Masseter of same side
What kind of joint is the TMJ
Hinge joint and gliding joint
The TMJ has two movements
Forward gliding
Hinge like rotation
The TMJ is easily
Dislocated
Dislocation of the TMJ usually occurs? Especially when?
Anteriorly
When tanning or taking a large bite
if the TMJ is dislocated the person is then
Unable to close the mouth
TMJ damage occurs from powerful
Compressive forces
TMJ damage can occur from
Frequently chewing gum, hard foods, toothpicks
Grinding teeth
Nail bitting
What muscles elevate the mandible and close the mouth
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Muscles that pull mandible anteriorly and opens mouth
Lateral pterygoid
Anterior belly of digastric
Muscles that tenses floor and roof of mouth
Mylohyoid
Tensor veli palantini
Forms the roof of mouth and floor of nasal cavity
Palate
The palate consists of
Hard palate
Soft palate
The hard palate is
Anterior
Immobile
The side palate is
Posterior
Mobile
The tip of the soft palate
Uvula
The hard palate is arched and formed by
The palatine process of maxillae and horizontal process of palatine bones
Another name for soft palate
Velum palatinum
What are the muscles of the soft palate
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Action and nerve of tensor veli palatini
A: tenses soft palate, opens pharyngotympanic tube
N: CN V3 mandibular trigeminal
Action and nerve of levator veli palatini
A: elevates soft palate
N: CNX vagus
Uvular action and nerve
A: elevates uvula
N: CNX vagus
Action and nerve of palatopharyngeus
A: elevates pharynx
N: CNX vagus
Action and nerve of palatoglossus
A: elevates tongue
N: CNX vagus
Action and nerve of genioglossus
A: protrudes and depresses tongue
N: CNXII hypoglossal
Action and nerve of styloglossus
A: retracts and elevates tongue
N: CNXII hypoglossal
Action and nerve of hyoglossus
A: retracts and depresses tongue
N: CNXII hypoglossal
Functions of intrinsic muscles of the tongue (genioglossus, styloglossus, and hyoglossus)
Mastication Taste Deglutition Articulation Oral cleansing
Motor innervation of tongue is from
CNXII hypoglossal
Sensory innervation of tongue for general and taste
Vagus X
Glossopharyngeal IX
Sensory innervation of tongue general sensation
Lingual nerve
Sensory innervation of tongue for taste
Facial nerve VII
The salivary glands are
Submandibular gland
Sublingual gland
Parotid gland
The submandibular gland is innervated by
Parasympathetic fibers from facial nerve VII
The sublingual gland is innervated by
Parasympathetic fibers from facial nerve VII
The parotid gland is innervated by
Parasympathetic fibers from glossopharyngeal nerve IX
