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Sam's Human Gross Anatomy > 3.2 Bones, Gluteal Region > Flashcards

3.2 Bones, Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the lower extremity/limb

A

Support body weight
Locomotion
Maintaining equilibrium

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2
Q

What are the 4 regions of the lower extremity

A

Hip/ gluteal
Thigh
Leg
Foot

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3
Q

What are the bones of the hip/gluteal region

A

Hip bones
Sacrum
Coccyx

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4
Q

What are the bones of the thigh region

A

Femur

Patella

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5
Q

What are the bones of the leg region

A

Tibia

Fibula

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6
Q

What are the bones of the foot region

A

Tarsus
metatarsus
Phalanges

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7
Q

Function of the bony pelvis

A

Transfer weight from upper body to lower extremities

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8
Q

4 bones that form the bony pelvis

A

Hip bones (2)
Sacrum
Coccyx

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9
Q

Hip bones form in young adults by the fusion of what three bones

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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10
Q

Part of hip bone that is fan shaped and has an ala (wing)

A

Ilium

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11
Q

The body of the ilium forms

A

Superior part of the acetabulum

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12
Q

The iliac crest is the superior margin and runs between

A

The anterior and posterior superior iliac spines

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13
Q

Concave internal surface on the ilium

A

Iliac fossa

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14
Q

The body of the ischium is the posterior part of

A

Acetabulum

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15
Q

On the ischium the inferior boundary of the obturator foramen

A

Ramus

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16
Q

The body of the pubis lies medially and articulates with the

A

Pubis of the other side at the pubic symphysis

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17
Q

The superior ramus of the pubis is the

A

Anterior part of acetabulum

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18
Q

The inferior ramus of the pubis forms the

A

Inferior boundary of the obturator foramen

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19
Q

Hip socket

A

Acetabulum

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20
Q

The obturator foramen is closed in the living body by the

A

Obturator membrane

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21
Q

Where are the hip bones joined anteriorly

A

Pubic symphysis

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22
Q

Where are the hip bones joined posteriorly

A

Sacrum at sacroiliac joint

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23
Q

Joint in hip with small movement limited by many ligaments, greater movement in females, important in child birth

A

Sacroiliac joint

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24
Q

The term for rotation of the sacroiliac joint in the Sagittal plane

A

Nutation

25
Q

Anterior rotation of the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint increases

A

Size of pelvic outlet

26
Q

The posterior sacroiliac is interosseus and continuous with the

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

27
Q

Fracture of the femur is more common over the age of ? And not common in women due to

A

60

Postmenopausal osteoporosis

28
Q

The longest, strongest, and heaviest bone in the body

A

Femur

29
Q

Roughly how many times the length of the femur determines height of an individual

A

4 times

30
Q

Shinbone, weight bearing, medically located

A

Tibia

31
Q

What bones surround the tibia superiorly, inferiorly, and laterally

A

Femur-superior
Talus- inferior
Fibula-lateral

32
Q

Bone with No function in weight bearing, serves mainly for muscle attachments and support for the tibia

A

Fibula

33
Q

What movements happen at the knee joint

A

Flexion
Extension
Very slight medial and lateral rotation

34
Q

What movements occur at the hip joint

A 
Flexion 
Extension 
Hyperextension 
Abduction / adduction 
Medial and lateral rotation 
Circumduction
35
Q

Lies posterior to the pelvis between iliac crest and gluteal fold

A

Gluteal region

36
Q

The gluteal region is made primarily of

A

Gluteal muscles and a thick layer of superficial fat

37
Q

The division between buttocks (butt crack) is called

A

Intergluteal cleft

38
Q

What are the 9 gluteal muscles

A 
Tensor fasciae latae 
Gluteus Maximus 
Gluteus medius 
Gluteus minimus
Piriformis 
Obturator internus 
Inf and sup gemellus 
Quadratus femoris
39
Q

The gluteal muscles alll

A

Stabilize the hip joint

40
Q

Tensor fasciae latae origin and insertion

A

O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: iliotibial tract

41
Q

Tensor fasciae latae nerve and action

A

N: superior gluteal nerve
A: flexes thigh

42
Q

The largest, heaviest, and most coarsely fingered muscle in the body

A

Gluteus Maximus

43
Q

Gluteus Maximus origin and insertion

A

O: ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament
I: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

44
Q

Gluteus Maximus nerve and action

A

N: inferior gluteal nerve
A: laterally rotates thigh, powerful extension

45
Q

Gluteus medius origin and insertion

A

O: ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter

46
Q

Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus nerve and action

A

N: superior gluteal nerve
A: posterior fibers abducts, extends, and laterally rotates thigh. Anterior fibers abduct, flex, and medically rotates thigh. Steadies the pelvis

47
Q

Gluteus minimus origin and insertion

A

O: ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter

48
Q

Help control posture, active when femur is bearing weight, if inactive pelvis drops on opposite side

A

Gluteus medius and minimus

49
Q

Subject stands on one leg, if ASIS and AIIS drops on opposite side, then gluteus medius and minimus on stance side are weak

A

Trendelenburg sign

50
Q

Piriformis origin and insertion

A

O:2-4 sacral segments
I: greater trochanter

51
Q

Piriformis nerve and action

A

N: S1-S2
A: rotates thigh laterally, abducts thigh, holds head of femur in acetabulum

52
Q

What is the landmark muscle for the superior gluteal artery/nerve, inferior gluteal artery/nerve, and the sciatic nerve

A

Piriformis

53
Q

Obturator internus origin and insertion

A

O: ilium and ischium, obturator membrane
I: greater trochanter

54
Q

Obturator internus action and nerve

A

A: rotates thigh laterally, holds head of femur in acetabulum (stabilizes hip joint)
N: nerve to obturator internus

55
Q

Superior and inferior gemellus origin and insertion

A

O: ischial spine and ischial tuberosity
I: greater trochanter

56
Q

Superior gemellus nerve and action

A

N: nerve to obturator internus
A: laterally rotates thigh

57
Q

Inferior gemellus nerve and action

A

N: nerve to quadratus femoris
A: laterally rotates thigh

58
Q

Quadratus femoris origin and insertion

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest

59
Q

Quadratus femoris nerve and action

A

N: nerve to quadratus femoris
A: laterally rotates thigh

Sam's Human Gross Anatomy (11 decks)

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