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Sam's Human Gross Anatomy > 3.3 Fascia, Nerves, & Vasculature of Lower Limb > Flashcards

3.3 Fascia, Nerves, & Vasculature of Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What two types of fascia are on the lower limb

A

Superficial and deep fascia

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2
Q

What separates compartments of muscles in deep fascia

A

Fibrous septa

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3
Q

Thick deep fascia covering the muscles

A

Fascia lata

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4
Q

Deep fascia creates tight compartments which allow efficient

A

Venous blood return to the heart

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5
Q

Veins in the lower extremity have valves that prevent

A

Blood from moving inferiorly

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6
Q

Great saphenous vein drains into

A

Femoral vein

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7
Q

The small saphenous vein drains into

A

The popliteal vein

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8
Q

Results when valves in superficial veins do not close properly

A

Varicose veins

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9
Q

Thick lateral portion of fascia lata, helps to limit adduction of hip

A

Iliotibial tract

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10
Q

Iliotibial tract provides insertion for

A

Gluteus Maximus and tensor fasciae latae

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11
Q

The external iliac artery passes through the inguinal ligament and changes to

A

Femoral artery

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12
Q

The femoral artery passes through the adductor hiatus and changes to

A

Popliteal artery

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13
Q

The popliteal artery splits into

A

Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
Fibular artery

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14
Q

The superior and inferior gluteal arteries come off of the

A

Internal iliac artery

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15
Q

Junctional region between the trunk and lower limb

A

Femoral triangle

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16
Q

The femoral triangle contains what vasculature

A

Femoral n. A. V.

Great saphenous v.

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17
Q

The femoral triangle is bounded superiorly, laterally, and medially by

A

Superior-inguinal ligament
Medial- adductor longus
Lateral- sartorius

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18
Q

Femoral nerve supplies

A

Anterior thigh muscles

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19
Q

Obturator nerve supplies

A

Thigh adductors

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20
Q

The sciatic nerve supplies

A

Posterior thigh muscles

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21
Q

Sciatic nerve splits into

A

Tibial nerve

Common fibular nerve

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22
Q

The common fibular nerve splits into

A

Superficial fibular nerve

Deep fibular nerve

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23
Q

Tibial nerve supplies

A

Posterior leg

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24
Q

Superficial fibular nerve supplies

A

Lateral leg muscles

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25
Q

Deep fibular nerve supplies

A

Anterior leg muscles

26
Q

The anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L5 combine to form

A

The lumbar plexus

27
Q

The anterior rami of spinal nerves S1–S5 combine to form

A

The sacral plexus

28
Q

What rami form the lumbar plexus

A

L1-L5

29
Q

What rami form the sacral plexus

A

S1-S5

30
Q

What links the lumbar plexus and the sacral plexus to form the lumbosacral plexus

A

Lumbosacral trunk

31
Q

Fibers from L2-S3 commingle to form nerves that supply

A

The lower limb

32
Q

Nerve that runs through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis

A

Superior gluteal

33
Q

Damage to the superior gluteal nerve results in

A

Contralateral hip drop

34
Q

What nerve runs through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

35
Q

Damage to inferior gluteal nerve results in

A

Difficulty climbing stairs and rising from seat

36
Q

What nerve runs deep to the sacrotuberous ligament

A

Pudendal nerve

37
Q

Pinching the sciatic nerve causes

A

Pain in the lower limb

38
Q

Pain in the area of distribution of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

A

Sciatica

39
Q

The nerves (terminal branches of the lumbar plexus) descend into the lower limb to innervate skeletal muscles

A

Compartmentally

40
Q

Damage to sciatic nerve results in inability to

A

Flex knee and move all distal joints

41
Q

Sciatic nerve exits inferior to

A

Piriformis muscle

42
Q

What nerve runs deep to inguinal ligament to emerge into femoral triangle

A

Femoral nerve

43
Q

Damage to the femoral nerve causes

A

Inability to extend leg

Reliance on intact leg to climb stairs, rise from a seated position

44
Q

Damage to obturator nerve causes

A

Weak adduction of thigh

45
Q

What nerve runs through obturator foramen to emerge between adductor breviary and adductor longus

A

Obturator nerve

46
Q

What are the hamstring muscles

A

Biceps femoris long head
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

47
Q

What muscles cross the hip and knee joint

A

Hamstrings

48
Q

The hamstring muscles act to

A

Extend the thigh and flex the knee

49
Q

Semitendinosus origin and insertion

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial surface of upper tibia

50
Q

Semitendinosus nerve and action

A

N: tibial division of sciatic nerve
A: extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

51
Q

Semimembranosus origin and insertion

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia

52
Q

Semimembranosus nerve and action

A

N: tibial division of sciatic nerve
A: extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

53
Q

Biceps femoris long head origin and insertion

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: head of fibula

54
Q

Biceps femoris long head nerve and action

A

N: tibial division of sciatic nerve
A: extends thigh, flexes and laterally rotates leg

55
Q

Biceps femoris short head origin and insertion

A

O: linea aspera
I: head of fibula

56
Q

Biceps femoris short head nerve and action

A

N: common fibular division of sciatic nerve
A: flexes and laterally rotates leg

57
Q

Common sports injury, can result in avulsion from origin at ischial tuberosity, muscle tear, and hematoma

A

Pulled hamstrings

58
Q

Hamstrings hold thigh in (isometric contraction)

A

Flexion

59
Q

Hamstrings shorten to raise thigh into (concentric )

A

Extension

60
Q

Hamstrings lengthen to lower thigh into (eccentric contraction)

A

Flexion

Sam's Human Gross Anatomy (11 decks)

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