4.2 Changing Cities - Case Study: Birmingham (Paper 2) Flashcards
<p>What is Birmingham's <b>Site</b>?</p>
<p>Birmingham is located in the <b>West Midlands</b></p>
<p>Birmingham is on a dry-point site on a plateau and is to the North of the River Rea to prevent flooding</p>
<p>How did Birmingham's <b>situation</b> help the city to develop?</p>
<p>When Birmingham began to develop canals and railways connected the Brum with other Midlands towns and the rest of the UK, enabling manufacturing to easily source raw materials and reach markets</p>
<p>Birmingham is in the centre of England so is well connected to the rest of the UK. Its good communications network is useful for industry, business and leisure</p>
<p>What is a CBD?</p>
<p>CBD stands for <b>Central Business District</b> which is the hub of the city and the centre of the local government</p>
<p>What is the <b>Inner City</b>?</p>
<p>The Inner City is where we find high-density terraced housing</p>
<p>The land is mainly used for residential use</p>
<p>What is the <b>Rural-Urban Fringe</b>?</p>
<p>The Rura-Urban Fringe is when town meets countryside</p>
<p>The main uses of land here are are business parks, airports, golf courses and some housing</p>
<p>When did urbanisation occur in Birmingham?</p>
<p>Urbanisation began in the 18th century, when the industrial revolution began</p>
<p>The Manufacturing Industry created new jobs and many people came into the city for employment</p>
<p>How did Birmingham develop during the Industrial Revolution?</p>
<p>The city expanded due to the need of housing for factory workers</p>
<p>Estates such as Shelly Oak and Small Heath were built in a small-time to accommodate workers when they arrived from the countryside</p>
<p>How did Birmingham develop during Suburbanisation around the 1920s?</p>
<p>Larger houses were built on the outskirts of the city often semi-detached with gardens. Harborne and Yardley are examples of Birmingham's suburbs</p>
<p>There is better environmental quality and more green spaces compared to the Inner City and CBD</p>
<p>What was re-urbanisation in Birmingham?</p>
<p>In the 1990s, Birmingham City Council came up with the <b>Big City Plan</b> which aimed at regenerating the inner city. The Scheme aimed to build 5000 new homes and 50000 new jobs</p>
<p>Why has Birmingham's Population Increased?</p>
<ul><li><b>Natural Increase</b> - More Births and Less Deaths</li><li><b>Migration</b> - People migrate to the city due to better education and welfare</li></ul>
<p>Why does Birmingham have a large youthful poulation?</p>
<p>Birmingham has a youthful population due to the arrival of International Migrants for education</p>
<p>What is <b>Deindustrialisation<b>?</b></b></p>
<p>Deindustrialisation is the reduction of industrial activity in a region or economy</p>
<p>What are the consequences of deindustrialisation in Birmingham?</p>
<ul><li>Urban Decline</li><li>Deprivation</li><li>Housing Inequalities</li><li>Education</li><li>Dereliction</li></ul>
<p>What are the consequences of deindustrialisation in Birmingham?</p>
<ul><li>Globalisation</li><li>De-centralisation</li><li>Technological Advances</li><li>Transport Developments</li></ul>
