4.1 the blood

Question 1

What are the four main components of blood?

Answer 1

• plasma
• red blood cells
• white blood cells
• platelets

Question 2

What does plasma transport and where?

Answer 2

• blood cells
• waste carbon dioxide: to the lungs
• urea: to your kidneys
• soluble products of digestion: from small intesine to individual cells

Question 3

What is the function of red blood cells?

Answer 3

Pick up oxygen from the air in your lungs and carry it to the cells where it is needed

Question 4

What are the adaptations of red blood cells?

Answer 4

• Biconcave discs, to maximise the surface area for diffusion
• Haemoglobin that binds to oxygen
• No nucleus for more space for haemoglobin

Question 5

Is the reaction between oxygen and haemoglobin reversible?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What are white blood cells?

Answer 6

Fight against harmful microorganisms and can sometimes produce antibodies or antitoxins

Question 7

What do antibodies form against?

Answer 7

Microorganisms

Question 8

What do antitoxins form against?

Answer 8

Poisons made by microorganisms

Question 9

What is plasma?/what it carries

Answer 9

It carries nutrients, co2, hormones, urea and blood cells around the body

Question 10

What are the adaptations of white blood cells?

Answer 10

• Form antitoxins
• Form antibodies
• Engulf bacteria

Question 11

Adaptations of plasma

Answer 11

Clear and watery to transport soluble molecules

Question 12

What are platelets

Answer 12

Small fragments of cells, that help the blood to clot

Question 13

What are the adaptations of platelets

Answer 13

-Small fragments that get trapped in protein fibres to produce a clot
- no nucleus

Question 14

Order red blood cells, plasma, white blood cells, platelets in order of amount in your body

Answer 14

Plasma
Red blood cells
Platelets and white blood cells