401-600 Flashcards
In females, meiosis is arrested twice - when and at what stages of meiosis?
- First, in utero at prophase I, 2. Second, at ovulation in metaphase II
What cell is under control of FSH and testosterone; secretes inhibin, MIF, and androgen-binding protein; and phagocytizes the excess cytoplasm of the spermatid?
Sertoli cell
What must occur for an egg to complete ovulation?
It needs to be fertilized by a sperm. If it is not, the egg is released in metaphase II and meiosis is incomplete.
What is the chromosome number at the end of meiosis I?
23 (2n)-it is the reductive phase of meiosis.
What is the major androgen released from the zona reticularis?
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
What hormone causes an increase in the accumulation of adipose and collagenous tissue of the breast and an increase in the branching of the ducts of the breast?
Estrogen
What promotes further prolactin and oxytocin release?
Suckling
What part of the placenta is derived from the mother?
Decidua basalis
What is the most common site of fertilization?
Ampulla of the fallopian tube
What is the only cranial nerve that comes off the dorsal surface of the brain stem?
CN IV
What type of fiber is carried in the dorsal root?
Sensory or motor. Sensory only
How would a lower motor neuron (LMN) lesion present?
Hyporeflexia, fasiculations and flaccid paralysis (always ipsilateral)
What is the name of the brain stem tract in which the dorsal columns run?
Medial lemniscus
What is the ability to tell what something is without looking at it and using only your hands?
Stereognosis
In what tract do pain and temperature fibers run?
Spinothalamic tract
What gyrus in the cerebral cortex receives information from fibers of the dorsal column tract?
Postcentral gyrus
What area of the brain is responsible for contralateral gaze?
Frontal eye field (Brodmann area 8)
What is the thalamic relay nucleus for the visual system?
Lateral geniculate body (LGB)
What is the function of the ossicles?
They increase the intensity of sound
What muscle in the eye is responsible for accommodation?
Ciliary muscle
What area of the eye has the greatest visual acuity?
Fovea (it is made up soley of cones)
What cell type in the eye is for color vision?
Cones (Cones and color)
If there is macula sparing in a visual deficit, where is the lesion?
In the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex (optic radiations)
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Which way do the eyes drift in a frontal eye field lesion?