4 neurotransmitters and neurotransmission Flashcards
what receptors does noradrenaline act on
adrenoceptors
what receptors do acetylcholine act on
muscarinic
what neurotransmitters do ganglia release
acetylcholine
what do contransmitters do
release multiple neurotransmitters from a single synapse
where are neurotransmitters stored
in vesicles
what is release of neurotransmitters dependent on
an action potential
what do neurotransmitters bind to
postsynaptic receptors and presynaptic autoreceptors
how are neurotransmitters deactivated
by reuptake or degradation
what activates calcium channels
depolarisation
are the release mechanisms of NA and NE the same
yes
what are the excitatory amino acids
glutamate and aspartate
what are the inhibitory amino acids
GABA and glycine
what happens if theres too much excitation in the brain
epilepsy/death
what happens if theres too much inhibition in the brain
coma/death
what do amines modulate
excitatory and inhibitory transmission
what is co-transmission
transmission through a single synapse by more than one transmitter
what do auto receptors do
act on its own presynaptic terminal to reduce release
what do heteroreceptors do
act to modulate release other than is own ligand
does ACh leave by degradation or reuptake
degradation
what enzyme causes production of acetylcholine
choline acetyl transferase
what enzyme breaks down acetylcholine
acetylcholinesterase
what is exocytosis
when the molecules fuses with the plasma membrane to get out the cell
is removal of NE and NA the same
no
how is NA removed
uptake 1 - presynaptic, recycling of NA
uptake 2 - postsynaptic, mops up remainder
what is the role of astrocytes do
remove glutamate
