24 Pain responding to symptoms Flashcards
what does shooting pain across from buttock and down from leg mean
sciatica and should refer
is back pain self limiting
yes
non drug treatment of soft tissue injuries
RICE
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
OTC treatments of soft tissue injury
- NSAIDS
- paracetamol
- gels/lotion/sprays etc etc
should asthmatics be worried about NSAIDs
yes, they can have reactions
what is primary dysmenorrhoea
menstrual pain without organic pathology
what is secondary dysmenorrhea
a pathological condition
what causes dysmenorrhea
essentially overproduction of uterine prostaglandins
what should you ask about dysmenorrhea
take detailed history of menstrual cycle
what age Is secondary dysmenorrhea more common in
women over 30
does period pain severity decrease as period goes on
yes
onset of dysmenorrhea
before bleeding – lasts 3-4 days
treatment of dysmenorrhea
- NSAIDS (naproxen 250mg)
- buscopan (antispasmodic, stops cramps)
- alternative meds (vitE and B, fennel)
- heat, rest
how to treat oral/dental pain
- local anaesthetics on site of injury
- throat sprays
- antiseptic on mouth ulcer
- COMT (clove oil, chamomile)
features of tension headache
- slow onset
- bilateral
- dull/ache pain
- can have tenderness on scalp, neck and shoulder
- mild-moderate pain
- no vomiting, nausea, light sensitivity
characteristics of cluster headache
- series that lets weeks or months, headache returns every year or 2
- severe pain on one side
- pain behind eye
- affected eye may be red/watery, droopy lid, small pupil, swollen
- runny nose/congestion
- swelling of forehead
should you refer for cluster headache
yes
should you refer for secondary headache
yes
examples of secondary headaches
headaches caused by
- injury
- infection
- other facial pain
etc
what causes migraines
certain triggers eg
- stress
- environment conditions
- fatigue
- weather
- foods/drinks
characteristics of migraines
- frontotemporal
- can last hours/days
- pulsating
- moderate/severe pain
- nausea/vomiting
- photo/phonophobia
OTC treatment of migraines
- paracetamol (blocks prostaglandins)
- ibuprofen (blocks prostaglandins)
- codeine
- buclizine (antiemetic)
- prochlorperazine (antiemetic)
- triptans (5-HT agonists)
non drug advice for headache
- drink water
- rest
- relax
- avoid triggers
- good sleep hygiene
- posture
can under 16s have aspirin
no – can cause Reyes syndrome
are elders more susceptible to side effects from meds
yes – caution with NSAIDS and compound meds
does organ functionality decrease with age
yes
