3 chemistry of neurotransmitters Flashcards
what does noradrenaline do in brain
affect attention, involved in flight and flight response
what does noradrenaline do in body
contract blood vessels
what does noradrenaline come from
tyrosine
when is adrenaline produced
in high stress or exciting situations
what does adrenaline do in the body
cause increased heart rate, control blood vessels and dilate airways
what does adrenaline come from
noradrenaline
what feelings are dopamine associated with
feelings of pleasure and satisfaction
what can dopamine lead to
addiction
what can cause dopamine release
natural things such as sex and eating or unnatural such as drugs
what can a molecule do the more flexible it is
it can interact more with other sites
what feelings does serotonin cause
feelings of well-being and happiness
what does serotonin regulate
sleep cycle and intestinal movement
what are low levels of serotonin linked to
depression, anxiety and some mental disorders
what is GABA
the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain
what does GABA do
calm firing nerves in the CNS
what do increased and decreased levels of GABA lead to
increased leads to improved mental focus and relaxation
decreased leads to anxiety and epilepsy
what is the main neurotransmitter involved in thought, learning and memory
acetylcholine
what is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
glutamate
what does glutamate regulate
brain development and creation of nerve contacts
what happens if theres too much glutamate
it can kill the neurones
what do endorphins do
cause feelings of wellbeing or euphoria
when are endorphins released
during exercise, excitement, pain and sex
does a benzene ring increase duration of drugs
yes
what is a secondary amine
when there is two carbons attached
do aromatic functional groups make molecules more or less flexible
less
do tertiary amines make molecules more or less flexible
more
how are endorphins made
through the proteolytic cleavage of proenkephalin
