4 a) Introduction to Organic

Question 1

Addition

Answer 1

A reaction in which one molecule adds to another without taking anything away, to form a single product.

Question 2

Empirical formula

Answer 2

Simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms present in a compound.

Question 3

Functional group

Answer 3

An atom or group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a compound.

Question 4

Homologous series

Answer 4

A series of compounds with similar chemical properties because they have the same functional group. Each member differs from the next by -CH2- and shows a gradation in physical properties.

Question 5

Hydrocarbon

Answer 5

Molecules containing carbon and hydrogen only.

Question 6

Substitution

Answer 6

A reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms.

Question 7

Combustion

Answer 7

A reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen (burns) to form products and heat.

Question 8

Displayed formula

Answer 8

Formula that shows all the bonds in a molecule as individual lines and shows all atoms.

Question 9

General formula

Answer 9

A formula applicable to all members of a homologous series.

Question 10

Structural formula

Answer 10

Formula that shows how the atoms are joined together in a molecule written in a condensed form by omitting all the carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen single bonds.