3a - reproduction

Question 1

what is sexual reproduction?

Answer 1

the production of new individuals by fusion of male and female gametes

Question 2

what is asexual reproduction?

Answer 2

the production of new individuals without fertilisation, from the division of body cells in the parent

Question 3

what are 3 points about sexual reproduction?

Answer 3

• involves the joining of male and female gametes (sex cells)
• genes from 2 parents
• offspring show variation

Question 4

what are three points about asexual reproduction?

Answer 4

• no fusion of gametes (sex cells)
• genes from only one parent
• no variation between offspring (genetically identical)

Question 5

which type of reproduction is faster?

Answer 5

asexual

Question 6

where are gametes formed?

Answer 6

sex organs called gonads

Question 7

what is the male gamete called and where is it produced?

Answer 7

sperm cell - formed in testes

Question 8

what is the female gamete called and where is it produced?

Answer 8

egg cell - formed in the ovaries

Question 9

what is the tail of a sperm cell called?

Answer 9

the flagellum

Question 10

what is a haploid?

Answer 10

a cell with half the number of chromosomes (23)

Question 11

what does oestrogen do and what days of the menstrual cycle is it released?

Answer 11

it repairs the lining of the uterus after menstruation and is around from days 7-13

Question 12

what does progesterone do and what days of the menstrual cycle is it released?

Answer 12

completes the development of the uterine lining and maintains it from days 14-23

Question 13

what does FSH do and what days of the menstrual cycle is it released?

Answer 13

it causes an egg to mature in an ovary and stimulates the ovaries to release oestrogen from days 1-6

Question 14

what does LH do and what days of the menstrual cycle is it released?

Answer 14

causes the mature egg to be released from the ovary on day 14

Question 15

where are the menstrual hormones released from?

Answer 15

LH & FSH - pituitary gland in the brain
oestrogen and progesterone - ovaries

Question 16

name three secondary characteristics in women

Answer 16

• wider hips
• pubic hair
• menstruation

Question 17

name three secondary characteristics in men

Answer 17

• facial hair
• broader shoulders
• pubic hair

Question 18

what is the placenta and what does it do?

Answer 18

an organ that develops in the uterus and it takes nutrients to and from the baby

Question 19

what is a zygote?

Answer 19

a fertilised egg

Question 20

which hormone causes secondary characteristics in women?

Answer 20

oestrogen