2g - gas exchange Flashcards
what does ventilation mean?
working the lungs to bring air inside the body
what does the moist lining of the alveolus do?
stops it from drying and cracking
what do the veins that cover the alveolus do?
maintains a steep concentration gradient as O2 is diffused into the blood which carries it away
what does the cell wall of the alveolus do?
they are 1 cell thick so their is a short distance for the oxygen to travel across.
what does low air pressure in the lungs do?
makes us draw in air
what is the diaphragm shape when we are inhaling?
flat
what does the diaphragm do when inhaling?
contract
what happens to the intercostal muscles when inhaling?
they contract
what are the symptoms of bronchitis?
persistent cough and lung infections
what is the cause of bronchitis?
tar in tobacco smoke
what is cancer?
when cells divide uncontrolably
which organs are most likely to be cancerous due to smoking?
- mouth
- throat
- lungs
what is the cause of cancer (specifically to do with smoking)?
tar
what is the cause of increased blood pressure?
nicotine gas
what happens to body cells in someone with increased blood pressure and why?
the cells die off because too little oxygen reaches the cells
