3A-Introducing Enzymes Flashcards
KEY TERM - Enzyme
An organic Molecule, normally a protein, that catalyses specific reactions
KEY TERM - Catalyst
A substance capable of increasing the rate of a reaction without being used up.
KEY TERM - Catalyse
To increase the rate of a reaction
KEY TERM - Substrate
A reactant of a reaction catalysed by an enzyme
KEY TERM - Active site
The part of a enzyme where the substrate binds
KEY TERM - Conformational change
Conformational changeA change in the three-diamentional shape of macromolecules such as proteins
KEY TERM - Enzyme-Substrate complex
The structure formed when an emzyme and substrait are bound together
KEY TERM - Activation energy
The energy required to initiate a reaction
How does an Enzyme catalyze a reaction?
They lower the activation energy of the reactions
What would happen without enzymes?
Our bodies’ cellular functions wouldnt occur at a fast enough rate
Enzymes bind to-
A molecule called a substrate which is the reactant undergoing a reaction
Endergonic
A reaction that absorbs energy
Catabolic
Big molecules that are being broken into smaller molecules
Anabolic
Smaller molecules that bind together to make a bigger molecule
Exergonic
A reaction that releases energy
All catabolic reactions are
Exergonic
All Anabolic reactions are
Endergonic
To create an anabolic reaction- that enzyme complex (enzyme with a substate) must bind with a
Catabolic reaction, so it the potentoal anabolic reaction can absorb the catablics energy.
What is reapora? (Facts about enzymes)
R - Reusable
EA - Activation energy (lowers it, does not create reactions)
P - Most enzymes are proteins
O - One specific substrate
R - Reversible
A - Enzymes have an active site
An ATP Molecule does what to help produce an anabolic reaction-
It breaks off one of its phosphates, creating ADP (energy) which is used to bind the two substrates as well as to re-mold the enzyme to fir the shape.
