2C-Gene structure Flashcards
KEY TERM- What is a Gene
A section of DNA that carries a code to make a protein
KEY TERM- What is a genetic code
The set of rules by which information is encoded in the Genetic material
KEY TERM- What is a triplet
The sequence of three nucleotides in DNA coding for one amino acid
KEY TERM- What is a codon
the sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA coding for one amino acid
KEY TERM- What is a promoter
The sequence of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds
KEY TERM- What is a start codon
The sequence of Nucleotides in mRNA that signals the start of translation
KEY TERM- What is an operator
A short region of DNA that interacts with repressor proteins to alter the transcription of an operon
KEY TERM- What is a stop codon
The sequence of the three nucleotides in mRNA that signals the end of translation
KEY TERM- What is a repressor Protein
A protein coded for by a regulatory gene that prevents gene expression by binding to its operator
KEY TERM- What is a leader region
The segment of DNA or mRNA that immediantly precedes the coding region. Also known as the leader segment or leader sequence.
There are two peices of a Gene in the middle/coding region, they are:
Introns and Exons
Where does Transcription Occur?
Inside the Nucleus
Where does Translation occur?
In the robosome- Out of the Nucleus
What are Exons?
Exported from the Nucleus as mRNA, exons are the DOING section, they actually code the codon sequences.
What are Introns?
Left behind in the nucleus after usage, these areas of the gene CHECK everything, making sure the DOING section did it right.
