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AQA GCSE - Chemistry > 3.6 Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

3.6 Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What do organic compounds contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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2
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A series of molecules with a general formula

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3
Q

What is a functional group?

A

Defines the family the compound belongs to

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4
Q

What is display formula?

A

The bonds drawn out

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5
Q

What is the molecular formula?

A

The components collected together saying how many of each there are

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6
Q

What is the structural formula?

A

The broken down molecular formula and written version of how the bonds are drawn

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7
Q

Name the first three alcohols?

A

Methanol
Ethanol
Propanol

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8
Q

What functional group do alcohols have?

A

OH

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9
Q

What are the properties of the first 3 alcohols?

A

Dissolve in water to form a neutral solution
When completely burned in air they produce CO2 and H2O
Reacts with sodium to produce hydrogen

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10
Q

What are alcohols used in?

A

Fuels and solvents

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11
Q

What is the main alcohol in alcoholic drinks?

A

Ethanol

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12
Q

Name the first 3 carboxylic acids?

A

Methanoic acid
Ethanoic acid
Propanoic acid

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13
Q

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?

A

COOH

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14
Q

What are the properties of carboxylic acids?

A

Dissolve in water to produce an acidic solution
Reacts with carbonates producing CO2
Reacts with alcohols and acid catalyst to produce esters

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15
Q

What happens to a carboxylic acid in water?

A

It doesn’t ionise completely

Making it a weak acid

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16
Q

What is a weak acid compared with a strong acid?

A

An aqueous solution of weak acid have a higher pH than

An aqueous solution of strong acid with the same concentration

17
Q

What is made from oxidised ethanol?

A

Ethanoic acid

18
Q

What is the main acid in vinegar?

A

Ethanoic acid

19
Q

What is an ester?

A

An alcohol + a carboxylic acid -> Ester + water

20
Q

What is the only reaction for an ester you need to know?

A

Ethanol + ethanoic acid -> ethyl ethanoate + water

21
Q

What is the functional group of an ester?

A

COO

In the middle

22
Q

What are some properties and uses of esters?

A

Volatile compounds
Distinctive smells
Used in flavourings and perfumes

23
Q

What are some advantages of organic chemistry?

A

Can be used in many different ways: food, drink, fuel etc…

Biofuels are an alternative to fossil fuels helping problems of diminishing resources

24
Q

What are some disadvantages of organic chemistry?

A

Alcoholic drinks and solvents can be abused leading to health and social issues
Crops for biofuels wastes the land area for food production

AQA GCSE - Chemistry (19 decks)

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