1.4 Crude Oil And Fuels Flashcards
What is crude oil? Why is it important?
A mixture of of a large number of compounds
Or
Locked up carbon and energy from the sun
We get many products from it
How is crude oil formed?
The remains of plants and animals that have not fully decomposed
(Ancient biomass)
What are the compounds called made from carbon and hydrogen?
Hydrocarbons
What is the name given to the hydrocarbon found in Crude oil?
Alkanes
What is the formula for alkanes
C(n)+H(2n+2)
Name the first four alkanes?
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
What bonds do alkanes have?
Carbon has four bonds
Hydrogen had one bond
What are the properties depending on the longer the carbon chain length gets for alkanes?
The stronger the intermolecular forces between molecules
Increasing boiling point (energy needed to break greater)
Higher viscosity
Lower volatility (evaporate slower)
Less flamable
What is fractional distillation?
The process of separating fractions each containing molecules with the same number of carbon atoms
What is used to separate Crude oil?
A distillation column
Describe factional distillation
Crude oil is place in a distilled column and heated in a continuous process
The different fractions have different boiling points because of the different carbon chain lengths
The larger the molecule the higher the boiling point
They vaporise at their boiling point
The vapour will rise and eventually cool and condense into a liquid
They condense at different points and are separated out the side at each specific level
What do most fuels contain?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Some sulfur
What waster products can fuel give off?
Carbon dioxide Water vapour Carbon monoxide Sulfur dioxide Oxides of nitrogen Solid particulates
What does sulfur dioxide cause?
Acid rain
What does carbon dioxide cause?
Pollution
Global warming
