3.5 Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
What is a reversible reaction?
The products can react together to make the reactants again
What is a closed system of a reaction?
No products or reactants can escape
What is equilibrium?
The balance point where both reactions happen at the same time
When is equilibrium reached in a closed system?
When the rate of the forwards reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction
What can change depending on the reaction conditions?
The amount of product or reactants made
Why is it important to control reactions?
To make more of the product the you want
In equilibrium:
Whatever condition you apply…
The reaction does the opposite
In equilibrium:
If you increase temperature on the outside…
It will try to cool it on the inside
Therefore
The endothermic reaction takes place (takes heat in, cooling the surroundings)
In equilibrium:
If you decrease the temperature on the outside…
It will try to beat it on the inside
Therefore
The exothermic reaction will take place (gives heat out, heating the surroundings)
In equilibrium:
If you increase pressure on the outside…
It will move to the side with the least number of particles (big number)
In equilibrium:
If you decrease pressure on the outside…
It will move to the side with the most number of particles (big number)
What is the Haber process?
Used to make ammonia
What is ammonia used for?
Fertilisers
What is the equation for ammonia
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
What is used to make ammonia and how are they acquired?
Nitrogen and hydrogen
Nitrogen: from the air
Hydrogen: from fossil fuels
