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AQA GCSE - Chemistry > 1.1 - Fundamental Ideas > Flashcards

1.1 - Fundamental Ideas Flashcards

1
Q

What are all substances made from?

A

Atoms

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2
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance made of only one type of atom

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3
Q

About how many different elements are there?

A

120

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4
Q

What are atoms made up of

A

Sub atomic particles:
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons

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5
Q

What relation are protons to electrons?

A

They have the same number in an atom

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6
Q

What is the mass and charge of a proton?

A

Mass: 1
Charge: +1

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7
Q

Where is a proton found?

A

In the nucleus

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8
Q

What is the mass and charge of an electron?

A

Mass: Negligible
Charge: -1

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9
Q

Where is an electron found?

A

In shells around the nucleus

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10
Q

What is the mass and charge of a neutron?

A

Mass: 1
Charge: 0

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11
Q

Where is a neutron found?

A

In the nucleus

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12
Q

Do atoms have a charge? Why?

A

No

They have equal number of protons and electrons to balance the charge out

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13
Q

What are the numbers in each shell for electron configuration?

A

2,8,8,8…

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14
Q

What is atomic mass?

A

Protons and neutrons combined

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15
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

The number of protons or electrons

Also called the proton number

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16
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An element that has the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

17
Q

What do isotopes have in common and difference with their original element?

A

In common: similar chemical properties

Different: physical properties

18
Q

What is a group in the periodic table?

A

Vertical columns

19
Q

Elements in the same group have what?

A

Similar chemical properties

Same number of electrons in the outer shell

20
Q

What is group 0 and what is special about them?

A

They are the noble gases

They are very stable and unreactive as their outer shells are complete

21
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more chemically combined elements

22
Q

If a compound is made from metal and a non-metal what do they consist of?

A

Ionic bonding

Ions are formed

23
Q

If a compound is made from non-metals what do they consist of?

A

Covalent bonding

Molecules

24
Q

Briefly describe ionic bonding

A

Metals lose one or more electrons to form a positively charged ion

Non-metals gain electrons to form a negatively charged ion

Oppositely charged ions attract to form an ionic bond

25
Q

Finish the sentence…

In a chemical equation the ….. and ….. are …….

A

Reactants and products are equal

26
Q

In a chemical equation what must both sides be?

A

Balenced

AQA GCSE - Chemistry (19 decks)

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