3.6 Drugs acting on the Respiratory System Flashcards
What has a key role in Asthma Pathogenesis?
Type 2 Helper T Lymphocytes
What has a key role in COPD Pathogenesis?
Neutrophils
What increases bronchodilation via the Sympathetic ANS?
B2-adrenergic agonists
What drecreases bronchoconstriction via the Parasympathetic ANS?
Anticholinergics
What inhibits the conversion of cAMP to AMP?
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
What are modified catecholamines?
B2-adrenergic agonsits
What is used to explain the sustained mechanism of action of long-acting B2-adrenergic agonists?
Diffusion Microkinetic Theory
What drives the adverse effects resulting from B2-adrenergic receptor desensitization and down-regulation?
S-enantiomer of long-acting B2-adrenergic agonists
Where do anticholinergics act on?
M3 smooth muscle receptors in the lung
Atropine based
What are the functions of Corticosteroids (4)?
- DEC inflammatory cytokine production
- DEC vascular leakiness
- DEC mucus secretion
- INC B2-adrenergic receptor expression
What is the key difference between the mechanism of action between leukotriene inhibitors versus leukotriene antagonists?
Inhibitors, block LTB4 production which reduces neutrophil and eosinophil chemotaxis
What are not effective for Acute Asthmatic Attacks, but are very effective when used Prophylactically?
Chromones
What is Omalizumab especially effective in treating?
- It is a monoclonal antibody
- Asthma pts with allergies via blocking free IgE
Which pts experience increased air-flow resistance?
Asthma pts
Which pts experience low lung recoil?
COPD
What is it recommended that all asthma pts carry for intermittent asthma attacks?
A short acting B2-adrenergic agonist medication
A clinical office medical emergency kit should include access to …
Oxygen
Epinephrine
In general, what combined therapy do COPD pts benefit from?
Anticholinergic +
B2-adrenergic agonist therapy
What is very effective at increasing mucus clearance?
Guaifenesin
What is the caviot to using Guaifenesin to increase mucus clearance?
Requires pts to maintain sufficient water intake in order to maximize therapeutic effects
What are modified catecholamines?
B2-adrenergic agonists
