3.1 Antipsychotic Drugs Flashcards
All antipsychotics are …
DA antagonists - block D2 receptors
What antipsychotic drug was originally developed as an antihistamine with sedative properties?
Phenothiazines
What Phenothiazine drug has low potency?
chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- Low potency = more sedation effects
What other receptors does chlorpromazine block, besides D2 dopamine?
- Alpha-adrenoreceptor
- Muscarinic Ach
- 5-HT2
- H1 histamine
What drug can cause Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
haloperidol
Sx of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
- Severe Muscle Rigidity
- Hyperthermia
What is used to tx Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
- Dantrolene (muscle relaxant)
- Bromocriptine (DA agonist)
What is the mechanism fo ‘Atypical’ antipyschotic drugs?
Blocks 5-HT (serotonin receptors) as well as D2
Why are atypical antipsychotics considered the 1st line of drugs?
Far fewer extrapyramidal side-effects
What side-effects do all of the ‘atypical’ antipsychotic drugs produce?
Severe Hyperglycemia and Obesity
What are the 2 ‘atypical’ antipsychotic drugs we need to know?
- Clozapine (Clozaril)
- Risperidone (Risperdal)
What is the main side effect of Clozapine (Clozaril)?
Agranulocytosis
Decreases WBC count
What is the significance of Risperidone (Risperdal)?
All chronic schizo pts at Central State Hospital in Louisville, KY now receive this drug unless contraindicated
What is the contraindication for prescribing Risperidone (Risperdal)?
Pts with a prolonged Q-T interval
