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Nsci > 35-RegulationOfFoodIntake > Flashcards

35-RegulationOfFoodIntake Flashcards

1
Q

short-term mechanisms of satiety sensing (x4)

A
  • oropharyngeal receptors
  • gastric distention
  • intestinal nutrient sensing
  • post-absorptive satiety (liver factors, portal vein)
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2
Q

mechanism of gastric distension sensing

A

food intake
-> incr. mechanorecptor activity
-> incr. vagal
-> incr. NTS
-> decr. food intake

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3
Q

NTS

A

Nucleus tractus solitarii

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4
Q

mechanism of CCK gastric control

A
  1. gallbladder contraction -> incr. bile release -> fat metabolism
  2. pyloric constriction
  3. gastric contractions
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5
Q

mechanism of CCK satiety signaling

A

CCK released from duodenum
-> incr. CCK receptor activity
-> incr. vagal afferencents (mechanoreceptors)
-> incr. NTS
-> decr. food intake

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6
Q

CCK

A

cholecystokinin, a hormone released from duodenum

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7
Q

Ghrelin

A

hormone released by stomach

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8
Q

mechanism of ghrelin cotnrol of satiety

A

fasting
-> release of ghrelin from stomach
-> incr. appetite (i.e. ghrelin is orexigenic)

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9
Q

orexigenic

A

increases appetite

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10
Q

increased leptin signals [increase or decrease] in food intake

A

decrease

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11
Q

site of action for leptin (x2)

A
  • brainstem
  • hypothalamus
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12
Q

LHA

A

lateral hypothalamic area

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13
Q

lesion of LHA produces ___

A

aphagia (cessation of feeding)

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14
Q

Peptides produced only in LHA

A

orexins

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15
Q

Mechanism of LHA control of food intake

A

Activation of LHA
-> incr. anabolic
-> incr. orexin release
-> food intake

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16
Q

PVN

A

paraventricular nucleus

17
Q

Mechanism of PVN control of food intake

A

PVN
-> parvocellular neurons send axons to brainstem
-> incr. ‘catabolic’ neurotransmitter
-> decr. food intake

18
Q

ARC

A

arcuate nucleus

19
Q

MEL/MSH-positive neurons

A

melanocortin-positive neurons

20
Q

MEL neurons project to ___ and ___ to [incr. / decr.] food intake

A

PVN and LHA, decrease

21
Q

Mechanism of ARC / MEL neuron control of food intake

A

leptin detected in ARC
-> activation of MEL neurons
-> decr. food intake

22
Q

NPY-positive neurons project both to ___ and ___ to [incr. / decr.] food intake

A

PVN and LHA, increase

23
Q

AgRP

A

endogenous melanocortin receptor antagonist

24
Q

Interaction between leptin and ARC / NPY to act on food intake

A

leptin inhibits NPY/AgRP neurons
-> decr. food intake

25
Q

Interaction between ghrelin and ARC to act on food intake

A

grelin
-> incr. NPY activity
-> incr. food intake

Nsci (18 decks)

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