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Nsci > 28-CranialNerves > Flashcards

28-CranialNerves Flashcards

1
Q

G__

A

general - distributed through the whole body

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2
Q

S__

A

special - restricted area of the body (eg taste buds)

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3
Q

V

A

visceral - visceral, taste, smell

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4
Q

S

A

somatic - supplying structures in body wall, eg skin, muscle, joints

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5
Q

__A

A

afferent

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6
Q

__E

A

efferent

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7
Q

GSA

A

general somatic afferent - pain, touch, temperature

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8
Q

SVA

A

special visceral afferent - smell, taste

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9
Q

GVA

A

general visceral afferent - mechanoreceptors, nociceptors in viscera

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10
Q

GSA cranial nerves (x4)

A

V (trigeminal), VII (vestibolocochlear), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus)

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11
Q

SVA cranial nerves (x4)

A

I (olfactory), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus)

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12
Q

GVA cranial nerves (x3)

A

VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus)

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13
Q

GVE

A

general visceral efferent - autonomic, parasympathetic

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14
Q

GVE cranial nerves (x4)

A

III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus)

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15
Q

GSE

A

general somatic efferent - motor neurons

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16
Q

GSE cranial nerves (x4)

A

III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), VI (abducens) – eye movement
XII (hypoglossal) – tongue

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17
Q

SVE

A

special visceral efferent - also motor neurons, but embryologically different (functionally identical to GSE)

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18
Q

SVE - cranial nerves (x5)

A

V (trigeminal), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XI (accessory)

19
Q

Olfactory nerve - nerve classification

20
Q

Optic nerve - nerve classification

21
Q

Oculomotor nerve - nerve classifications (x2)

A
  • GSE: eye movement (adduction, elevation, depression, rotation), lifting eyelid
  • GVE: ciliary muscle (near vision) and pupillary sphincter (constrict pupil)
22
Q

Disorders:
Eye deviated down and out

A

Problem with CN III (oculomotor)
- down = unopposed action of superior oblique from CN IV
- out = unopposed action of latractus from CN VI

23
Q

Disorders:
dilated pupil

A

Problem with CN III
due to unopposed action of sympathetic

24
Q

Disorders:
Diplopia (double vision)

A

Problem with CN III

25
Q

Trochlear nerve - nerve classification

26
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN IV

A
  • can’t look down while looking nasally
  • head tilted, chin tucked toward contralateral side (to compensate for torsion on eye from lack of sup. oblique)
27
Q

Trigeminal nerve - nerve classifications (x2)

A
  • GSA: pain, temp, touch on face, in nasal and oral cavities, teeth, gums, cornea, and anterior 2/3 of tongue, and closing eyelid
  • SVE - muscles of mastication and tensor tympani
28
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN V (x4)

A
  • weakness (in muscles of mastication)
  • anesthesia (no sensation on face, etc.)
  • loud noise (unable to dampen loud sounds)
  • blink reflex decreased or abolished
29
Q

Abducens nerve - nerve classification

A

GSE (lateral rectus muscle)

30
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN VI
Eye is deviated ___

31
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN VI
pupil is ___

32
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN VI
diplopia [yes/no]

33
Q

Facial nerve - nerve classifications (x5)

A
  • SVA: solitary nucleus -> solitary tract -> taste buds (anterier 2/3 of tonge)
  • GSA: spinal nucl of V -> spinal tract of V -> outer ear touch, pain
  • GVA: solitary nucleus -> solitary tract -> mechanoreceptors of nasopharynx
  • GVE: lacrimal glands, submandibular gland, sublingual gland
  • SVE: brachiomeric, muscles of facial expression and stapedius
34
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN VII (x4)

A
  • muscle weakness (in facial expression)
  • dry eye
  • lacking taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • blink (corneal) reflex abolished
35
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve - nerve classification

36
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve - nerve classifications (x5)

A
  • SVA: taste buds on posterior 1/3 of tongue
  • GSA: mechanosensation on outer ear and posterior 1/3 of tongue
  • GVA: mechanoreceptors on pharynx, tonsis, palate, baroreceptors on carotid sinus, chemoreceptors on carotid body
  • GVE: parasympathetic, carotid gland
  • SVE: nucleus ambiguus -> stylopharyngeus muscle (involved in speech)
37
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN IX (x3)

A
  • reduced gag reflex
  • no taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue
  • no somatic sensation on posterior 1/3 of tongue, palate, tonsils, pharynx
38
Q

vagus nerve - nerve classifications (x5)

A
  • SVA: taste buds on epiglottis (wanes over lifetime)
  • GSA: ear
  • GVA: mechanoreceptors and nociceptors in larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera, baroreceptors on aortic arch, chemoreceptors on aortic bodies
  • GVE: thoracic and abdominal viscera, heart
  • SVE: larynx (speech), pharynx, palate
39
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN X (x5)

A
  • weak, raspy voice
  • can’t cough forcefully
  • palate pulled toward intact side during ‘aah’
  • reduced gag reflex
  • dysphagia
40
Q

spinal accessory nerve - nerve classification

A

SVE: trapezius and sternoclydomastoid

41
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN XI

A
  • absent/weak elevation of ipsilateral shoulder
  • impaired rotation of chin away from injured side
42
Q

hypoglossal nerve - nerve classification

A

GSE: nonbrachiomeric, tongue

43
Q

Disorders:
Symptoms of damage to CN XII

A
  • deviation of tongue toward damaged side
  • fasciculation of tongue ‘bag full of worms’
  • atrophy of tongue

Nsci (18 decks)

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