3.4.7: Sustainable solutions to meet energy demand

Question 1

Smart meters

Answer 1

Free in the uk, reduce energy usage

Question 2

LTN

Answer 2

Low traffic neighbourhood

Question 3

Policies for demand reduction of energy

5

Answer 3

Smart meters
Encouraging walking and cycling 
Providing affordable and clean energy transport systems 
Technologies which allow work from home
LTNs increasing

Question 4

Methods of promoting walking and cycling

2

Answer 4

Rent a bike/ city bikes

New cycle lanes

Question 5

Example of a case study for methods to promote walking and cycling

Answer 5

Sheffield grey to green scheme phase one

Question 6

Examples of clean energy transport systems

2

Answer 6

Electric trams

Hydrogen buses

Question 7

Technologies which allow working from home

2 examples

Answer 7

Zoom and teams

Question 8

Estimate that becoming more energy efficient could

Answer 8

Stabilise global carbon emissions

Question 9

New houses in the uk rules

2

Answer 9

Triple glazing

Cavity and loft insulation

Question 10

2020 new cars in uk rule

Answer 10

By 2030 all new cars sold in the uk have to be electric

Question 11

Example of a large tech firm with carbon neutral pledges

Answer 11

Microsoft

Aims for net zero carbon emissions by 2030

Question 12

Lighter rooftops in China research

Answer 12

Having lighter rooftops would reflect more solar energy which would reduce need for air con so less energy demand

Question 13

Uk government plegde for carbon emissions by 2030

Answer 13

Reduce carbon emissions by 68% of the 1990 totals by 2030

Question 14

Uk government aims to be carbon neutral by

Answer 14

2030

Question 15

Problems with uk emissions targets

2

Answer 15

Climate scientists argue this isn’t ambitious enough

Change in political parties

Question 16

Drax

Energy transition

Answer 16

Former coal power station in Selby, North Yorkshire has been converted to burning biomass

Question 17

Drax energy production claims

Answer 17

Claims to be the biggest decarbonation project in Europe

Question 18

What percentage of the Uk’s renewable energy does drax claim to produce?

Answer 18

12%

Question 19

Largest single source of CO2 in the UK

Answer 19

Drax

Question 20

Where does drax receive biomass from?

And why is this an issue

Answer 20

The USA
Has to be transported across the ocean
Transport carbon footprint
Lots of USA biomass is from clearing of forests replaced with monocultures
Less carbon storage and less biodiversity in the ecosystem

Question 21

Drax and government subsidies

Answer 21

Has revived lots of government subsidies which would be better spent on non-critical renewables

Question 22

Biomass

Answer 22

All organic material from plants, trees and animals

Question 23

According to drax the biomass is,

Answer 23

Sustainable and from low grade wood left over from production of other products

Question 24

Problems with use of biomass

4

Answer 24

Produces lots of carbon dioxide when burnt
Most deadly energy source, kills 2 million people per year
Some types of biomass have higher greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels
Transport emissions

Question 25

Biomass relative price

Answer 25

Cheaper than fossil fuels

Question 26

Hinckley point C

Answer 26

Nuclear power station in Somerset, England due to open in 2026

Question 27

Cost of Hinckley point C

Answer 27

£23 billion

Question 28

How much electricity with Hinckley point C generate

Answer 28

7% of UK’s energy supply

Question 29

Mortality rate of nuclear energy

Answer 29

One of the lowest mortality rates for energy production of all energy types Safe/ reliable

Question 30

Efficiency of nuclear energy vs fossil fuels

Answer 30

Nuclear energy is more efficient

Question 31

Chernobyl disaster

Answer 31

Nuclear accident in 1986 in Ukraine, worst nuclear accident in history.

Question 32

Chernobyl disaster caused a

Answer 32

Caused a global anti nuclear movement

Question 33

Fukushima nuclear accident

Answer 33

2011 caused by a tsunami and an earthquake | Second most severe nuclear disaster in history

Question 34

Two types of carbon capture

Answer 34

Post combustion carbon capture | Pre combustion carbon capture

Question 35

Post combustion carbon capture

Answer 35

CO2 captured after fossil fuel is burnt | Separates CO2 from flue gases

Question 36

Pre combustion carbon capture

Answer 36

CO2 captured before mixing with other flue gases | Can form H2 to be used in electricity production

Question 37

Both pre/post combustion carbon capture can prevent what percentage of carbon emissions from entering the atmosphere

Answer 37

80-90%

Question 38

Storage of carbon dioxide from carbon capture | 3 methods

Answer 38

1. Geological sequestration 2. Sinking it deep below the ocean 3. Pumping into underground volcanic rock

Question 39

Kyoto protocol took place when?

Answer 39

1997

Question 40

Kyoto protocol | Aim

Answer 40

Aim to create a legally binding framework to cap warming at 2 degrees C above pre-industrial levels.

Question 41

Kyoto protocol | Annexes and USA

Answer 41

Countries divided into annexes of development | USA was in annex one but then dropped out

Question 42

Geological sequestration

Answer 42

Injecting CO2 into underground rock formations to be stored as a super-critical fluid. Will remain as long as it’s at certain temperature and pressure

Question 43

Negative Impacts of geological sequestration

Answer 43

Unknown environmental impacts if released in large quantities A few instances of localised damage to ecosystems and increase in tree and plant mortality

Question 44

Sinking carbon dioxide deep below the ocean method

Answer 44

Turns into a slushy material Untested method Concerns for marine life

Question 45

Pumping CO2 into underground volcanic rock | Location?

Answer 45

Iceland

Question 46

Pumping CO2 into underground volcanic rock

Answer 46

To make limestone Needs lots of water Could breakdown into methane