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A Level Geog: C,T,W+C,En > 2.1.7: Carbon stores in different biomes > Flashcards

2.1.7: Carbon stores in different biomes Flashcards

1
Q

Temperate

A

Moderate, no extremes

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2
Q

Deciduous

A

Trees that shed their leaves

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3
Q

What influences seasons

A

Tilt of the Earth

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4
Q

Tundra

A

No trees, ice and snow

eg: Arctic Tundra

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5
Q

Taiga

A

Coniferous woodland

aka Boreal Forest

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6
Q

Tropical rain forest

location and reason

A

On equator as its hot and rain supplied by Hadley cell

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7
Q

Desert

location

A

30 degrees North and South of equator with little rain

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8
Q

Largest store of carbon out of the biomes

A

Taiga

26% and 1/3 of trees on Earth

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9
Q

Terrestrial biosphere

A

land

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10
Q

Biomass

A

mass of living things

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11
Q

Carbon

A

macronutrient, 44% of the dry weight of plant biomass

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12
Q

Organic carbon

A

Stored in the biomass, leaf litter and soil

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13
Q

Green plants as carbon store

A

Store 20% of Earth’s biosphere

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14
Q

Animals as a carbon store

A

Small role in carbon storage

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15
Q

Litter

A

Fresh, undecomposed plant debris

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16
Q

Soil

A

Humus is a black substance that remains in the soil after most of the organic litter has decomposed, dispersed by worms.

17
Q

Example of tropical rainforest

A

Amazon rainforest

biomass: 700 tonnes/hectare - reflects optimum climatic conditions

18
Q

Examples of tropical rainforest

3

A

Amazonian
African
Indo-Malaysian

19
Q

Distribution of tropical rainforests

A

Along equator at 0 degrees
At elevations below 1000m
Between the tropics

20
Q

Why is NPP in tropical rainforests so high?

A
  1. competition for light and water has given rise to 5 layers of vegetation
  2. plants are evergreen and trees have large leaves
  3. carbon storage in animals is relatively high
21
Q

Physical factors affecting plant growth and carbon storage in tropical rainforest biome
3

A

light
temperature
precipitation

22
Q

Why are carbon levels low in leaf litter and soil in tropical rainforest biome?
3

A
  1. Exchanges of carbon between soil, biosphere and atmosphere are rapid
  2. Warm, humid conditions ensure rapid decomposition and quick release of CO2
  3. Heavy rainfall means that soils are leached so can only retain limited amounts of humus
23
Q

Units of NPP

A

Kg/m2/year

24
Q

Example of human removal of carbon biomass store

A

deforestation

25
Q

Afforestation

A

form of climate mitigation and helps to reduce flooding

26
Q

SOC

A

soil organic carbon

27
Q

DOC

A

dissolved organic carbon

28
Q

Excessive cultivation

A

land over worked > land degradation and erosion

29
Q

Example of effect of agriculture on soil

A

Dust bowl, USA, Great plains

A Level Geog: C,T,W+C,En (36 decks)

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