1.1.5: More coastal processes

Question 1

Sub aerial weathering

is where

Answer 1

above

Question 2

Physical and mechanical weathering

Answer 2

Breaks off rocks of varying sizes which fall to the foot of the cliff and protect it from erosion

Question 3

2 types of physical and mechanical weathering

Answer 3

• freeze thaw

- seawater gets in cracks

Question 4

Freeze thaw weathering

Answer 4

(wetting and drying)
water layer,
expansion and contraction of minerals

Question 5

Where does freeze thaw occur

Answer 5

macrotidal environments

Question 6

What is freeze thaw most effective on

Answer 6

clay

Question 7

Sea water gets in cracks weathering

Answer 7

cracks in rocks
evaporates
crystals left behind which grow
exert pressure on the rock causing it to break apart

Question 8

3 types of weathering

Answer 8

physical/mechanical
chemical
biotic

Question 9

5 types of chemical weathering

Answer 9

solution
hydration
hydrolysis
oxidation
chelation

Question 10

Solution

chemical weathering

Answer 10

solubility of minerals

depends on temp and acidity of the water

Question 11

Hydration

chemical weathering

Answer 11

Minerals absorb water which weakens their structure

Question 12

Hydrolysis

chemical weathering

Answer 12

Reaction between minerals and water
related to hydrogen ion conc in water
affects granite

Question 13

Oxidation

chemical weathering

Answer 13

Adding or removing O2
often affects rocks with a high iron content
common under water logged conditions

Question 14

Chelation

chemical weathering

Answer 14

Organic acids are produced by plant roots and decaying organic matter = weathering

Question 15

Biotic weathering

Answer 15

Caused by plant roots or animals burrowing

can cause softer rocks to break apart

Question 16

4 types of mass movement

Answer 16

• rock fall
• rock slide
• rock toppling
• rotational slides and slumps

Question 17

Rock fall

mass movement type

Answer 17

Rocks dislodged by weathering fall to the bottom of the cliff

Question 18

Rock slide

mass movement type

Answer 18

rocks slide to the bottom of the cliff

Question 19

Rock toppling

mass movement type

Answer 19

Blocks/columns weakened by weathering fall seawards

Question 20

Rotational slides and slumps

mass movement type

Answer 20

Sections of the cliff give way along a layer

the fallen material stays as an identifiable mass off shore

Question 21

Cliff

Answer 21

any coastal slope affected by marine processes

Question 22

Geology

Answer 22

type of rock affects profile of cliffs and shore platforms

eg: igneous rocks form steep cliffs

Question 23

Marine or sub aerial processes

Answer 23

high wave energy needed to remove debris at the foot of a cliff

Question 24

Inherited characteristics

Answer 24

The sea can re-work landscapes created by non-marine processes
such as glaciation

Question 25

Sequence of erosion beginning with caves

Answer 25

cave > arch > stack > stump | CASS

Question 26

Geo

Answer 26

A geo is a long, narrow inlet which has been formed by erosion causing the roof of a cave to collapse or along a line of weakness

Question 27

Blowhole

Answer 27

A verticle shaft that goes up to the the surface created by air and water forced into a cave by waves