3.4.5 Species and taxonomy Flashcards
What defines two organisms as belonging to the same species?
They are able to produce fertile offspring.
Why is courtship behaviour important before successful mating?
It ensures recognition of members of the same species leading to successful mating.
What role does courtship play in species recognition?
It allows individuals to identify members of their own species to produce fertile offspring.
What does a phylogenetic classification system group organisms based on?
Based on evolutionary origins and relationships.
What is the structure of a phylogenetic hierarchy?
Smaller groups are placed within larger groups with no overlap between groups.
What is each group in a phylogenetic hierarchy called?
A taxon plural taxa.
List the taxa in the correct hierarchical order.
Domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species.
What is the universal way of naming species?
Binomial consisting of genus name and species name.
Give an example of binomial nomenclature.
Homo sapiens.
How have advances in immunology helped classification?
Similar proteins will bind the same antibodies..
How has genome sequencing helped classification?
It helps clarify evolutionary relationships by comparing DNA base sequences.
Define Species
Can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Give the taxonomic levels of classification
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Describe how genetic diversity between species can be measured
- Comparing observable characteristics/features
- Comparing base sequences of DNA
- Comparing Base sequences of mRNA
- Comparing amino acid sequences (of the same protein)
Classification is hierarchical – what does this mean?
smaller groups are placed within larger groups, with no overlap between groups.
Which two taxa make up an organisms binomial name?
Genus species
Explain what is meant by a phylogenetic group?
(Grouped according to) evolutionary links/history/relationships /common ancestry
Courtship Behaviour – The importance (3)
- enables male I female to recognise opposite sex;
- enables recognition of own species;
- synchronises mating behaviour
Courtship Behaviour – How it increases probability of mating (4)
- Attracts mate of the same species;
- Indication of sexual maturity / fertility / synchronises mating;
- Stimulates release of gametes;
- Formation of a pair bond / bond between two organisms (to have / raise young)
