3.4 Food as Fuel

Question 1

Carbon- Hydrogen bonds hold a large amount of

Answer 1

Potential Energy

Ex. Glucose and gasoline

Question 2

The farther away an
electron is from the
nucleus of an atom the
MORE

Answer 2

POTENTIAL ENERGY
it has

Question 3

Energy is RELEASED as

Answer 3

Electrons move closer to the nucleus

Question 4

Energy is ABSORBED as

Answer 4

Electrons mover further from the nucleus

Question 5

The size of the nucleus affects the

Answer 5

Potential energy of the electron

Big nucleus = strong attraction to electrons

Question 6

Oxidation occurs when an atom or molecule
LOSES ELECTRONS to another atom

Answer 6

an atom or molecule
LOSES ELECTRONS to another atom

b/c O2is very electronegative, it is an ideal electron acceptor in cellular respiration

Question 7

Reduction occurs when

Answer 7

an atom or molecule
GAINS ELECTRONS from another atom

Question 8

Oxidizing Agent

Answer 8

Atom or molecule that gains e-

Question 9

Reducing Agent

Answer 9

Atom or molecule that loses e-

Question 10

Redox rxns often involve
the mvmt of e- associated
with H and O atoms

Answer 10

Removal of H from, or the
addition of O to, a molecule
or atom is also called
oxidation

Addition of H to, or removal
of O from, a molecule or
atom is called reduction

Question 11

Rapid combustion is disastrous for

Answer 11

Living organisms

Question 12

Reactions within the body
need to be

Answer 12

controlled

Question 13

The body can STORE
ENERGY at each step and

Answer 13

increase the efficiency of
the reaction

Question 14

Most important Redox rxns occur when glucose
is oxidized by

Answer 14

by O2 to form CO2 and H2O

Question 15

Oxidation of food molecules uses enzymes

Answer 15

called dehydrogenases

Question 16

Dehydrogenasesfacilitate the transfer of

Answer 16

high-energy electrons from
food to molecules that act as energy carries

Question 17

NAD+

Answer 17

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+)

Question 18

Which molecule is a

Common energy carrier molecule

Positively charged coenzyme

Answer 18

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+)

Question 19

During cellular respiration, dehydrogenases
remove 2 H atoms from the substrate, transferring the 2 high-energy electrons and only
1 of the protons (H+) to NAD+, the other H+ is released into the cytosol

Answer 19

NAD+ is reduced to NADH, which can be used to power ATP synthesis

Question 20

Reduction of NAD+

Answer 20

NAD+ + 2 e- + H+ —–> NADH