3.3.13 - polymers

Question 1

How are condensation polymers formed
And give 2 examples of condensation polymers

Answer 1

2 molecules react together with elimination of small molecule
Polyesters and polyamides are polymers formed using this mechanism

Question 2

In order for condensation reaction occur

Answer 2

2 func groups react with each other

Question 3

One of way of forming polyester

Answer 3

Dicarboxylic acid + diol

Question 4

Ester linkage

Answer 4

O
//
C
\
O

Question 5

3 ways of forming polyester

Answer 5

Diacyldichloride + diol
dicarboxylic acid + diol
Single monomer

Question 6

Explain using single monomers to form a polyester and use example

Answer 6

Lactic acid is an example of such monomer
It contains -COOH + -OH groups
that react to form esters
Form polylactic acid
Obtained from corn so biodegradable polymer

Question 7

naming diols

Answer 7

Carbon stem then numbers then diol
Eg propane - 1,3 - diol

Question 8

Carboxylic acid + amine&raquo_space;>

Answer 8

Amide + water

Question 9

Acyclovir chloride + primary amine&raquo_space;>

Answer 9

Amide + HCL

Question 10

2 ways to form polyamides

Answer 10

Dicarboxylic acid + diamine

Question 11

2 ways to form polyamides

Answer 11

Dicarboxylic acid + diamine

Question 12

amide link

Answer 12

O
||
C
|
N
|
H

Question 13

Named example of polyamide

Answer 13

Kevlar

Question 14

Kevlar made by

Answer 14

Reacting di carboxylic acid w benezne in the middle
Reacting diamine w benzene in the middle

Question 15

Uses of Kevlar and nylon

Answer 15

Strong
Resistant for fire
Flexible

Question 16

Nylon can be formed w diamine and diacyldochlorife why is it not

Answer 16

More expensive and hcl gas

Question 17

Are polyesters and polyamides biodegradable or not and why

Answer 17

Yes they are biodegradable
As they can undergo hydrolysis to break the polymer down into the monomers
Hydrolysis can be under acidic or basic conditions

Question 18

C=O absorbs _______ making condensation polymers ________

Answer 18

C=O absorbs infrared radiation making condensation polymers photodegradable

Question 19

Base hydrolysis of a polyester gives

Answer 19

Sodium salt of the Dicarboxylic acid
And diol

Question 20

Acid hydrolysis of a polyester gives

Answer 20

Dicarboxylic acid and diol

Question 21

Base hydrolysis of a polyamide gives a

Answer 21

Sodium salt of a diacarboxylic acid and a diamine

Question 22

Under acid hydrolysis conditions hydrolysis if polyamide gives

Answer 22

Diamine accepts proton to form ammonium ions and the Dicarboxylic acid is also formed