3.3.12- polymers Flashcards
How are condensation polymers formed
And give 2 examples of condensation polymers
2 molecules react together with elimination of small molecule
Polyesters and polyamides are polymers formed using this mechanism
In order for condensation reaction occur
2 func groups react with each other
One of way of forming polyester
Dicarboxylic acid + diol
Ester linkage
O
//
C
\
O
3 ways of forming polyester
dicarboxylic acid + diol
Single monomer (COOH + OH func group present)
the repeating unit for a polyester made from a diacarboxylic acid and diol contains
2 carbonyl groups
2 oxygen groups
the atoms between 2 oxygen groups
the atoms between 2 carbonyl groups
polyesters can be made from a singe monomer containing …
carboxylic acid functional group
alcohol functional group
Explain using single monomers to form a polyester and use example
Lactic acid is an example of such monomer
It contains -COOH + -OH groups
that react to form esters
Form polylactic acid
Obtained from corn so biodegradable polymer
naming diols
Carbon stem then numbers then diol
Eg propane - 1,3 - diol
Carboxylic acid + amine»_space;>
Amide + water
Acyclovir chloride + primary amine»_space;>
Amide + HCL
2 ways to form polyamides
Dicarboxylic acid + diamine
or
single monomer containg NH and COOH func group
amide link
O
||
C
|
N
|
H
Named example of polyamide
Kevlar
Kevlar made by
Reacting di carboxylic acid w benezne in the middle
Reacting diamine w benzene in the middle
Uses of Kevlar and nylon
Strong
Resistant for fire
Flexible
Nylon can be formed w diamine and diacyldochlorife why is it not
More expensive and hcl gas
Are polyesters and polyamides biodegradable or not and why
Yes they are biodegradable
As they can undergo hydrolysis to break the polymer down into the monomers
Hydrolysis can be under acidic or basic conditions
C=O absorbs _______ making condensation polymers ________
C=O absorbs infrared radiation making condensation polymers photodegradable
Base hydrolysis of a polyester gives
Sodium salt of the Dicarboxylic acid
And diol
Acid hydrolysis of a polyester gives
Dicarboxylic acid and diol
Base hydrolysis of a polyamide gives a
Sodium salt of a diacarboxylic acid and a diamine
Under acid hydrolysis conditions hydrolysis if polyamide gives
Diamine accepts proton to form ammonium ions and the Dicarboxylic acid is also formed
